بررسی تأثیر توسعه نوآورانه فناوری بر عملکرد زیست محیطی و اقتصادی با نقش تعدیلگر حمایت دولت (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
هدف این تحقیق بررسی تأثیر عوامل توسعه نوآورانه فناوری بر عملکرد زیست محیطی و عملکرد اقتصادی با تعدیلگری حمایت دولت می باشد. این پژوهش از حیث هدف کاربردی و از حیث روش اجرا، پیمایشی است. جامعه آماری تحقیق حاضر، کلیه مدیران شرکت های دانش بنیان مستقر در پارک علم و فناوری شهر مشهد (170 شرکت) می باشد که تعداد مدیران آن ها 170 نفر است؛ بر اساس جدول مورگان، تعداد اعضای نمونه 118 و به روش نمونه گیری در دسترس در نظر گرفته می شود. ابزار جمع آوری داده ها پرسش نامه استاندارد برگرفته از پژوهش کیم و جون (2022) می باشد. جهت سنجش روایی صوری از نظر خبرگان و در خصوص روایی سازه از روایی همگرا و واگرا و تحلیل عاملی استفاده می شود. جهت سنجش پایایی از آلفا کرونباخ و پایایی مرکب استفاده می شود. تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها با نرم افزار اسمارت پی ال اس 3 انجام شده است. نتایج نشان می دهد توسعه نوآورانه فناوری بر عملکرد زیست محیطی و اقتصادی شرکت های دانش بنیان مشهد تأثیر مثبت و معناداری دارد و حمایت های دولتی این تأثیرات را تعدیل می کند. به علاوه تأثیر حمایت های دولتی بر عملکرد زیست محیطی و اقتصادی شرکت های دانش بنیان نیز معنادار و مثبت می باشد.Investigating the Impact of Innovative Technological Development on Environmental and Economic Performance with the Moderating Role of Government Support
Introduction Science and technology parks have increased the amount of knowledge production in the region and attracted foreign capital by helping the growth of companies active in research-oriented economic fields, and are undoubtedly considered a determining factor in the development of a knowledge-based economy. It is also effective in spreading the culture of competition and innovation in a region and transferring technology between different sectors by spreading knowledge between companies, small institutions, markets and universities and research centers. In this regard, technological innovation has become a vital resource for finding sustainable economic and human development solutions, such as reducing technological gaps between developed and developing countries. The increasing demand for social services and products based on technological innovation has strengthened the expectations for technological innovation as a source of sustainable competition for companies and, increasingly, social enterprises. This is particularly the case for development cooperation programs that use social enterprises, which has led to increased funding from the public and private sectors for social enterprises that promote innovative development solutions. Methodology The purpose of this research was to investigate the impact of innovation factors related to technology on social performance and economic performance with the moderation of government support. This research is a survey in terms of practical purpose and in terms of execution method. The statistical population of this research is all the managers of knowledge-based companies located in Mashhad Science and Technology Park (170 companies), whose number of managers was 170; Based on Morgan's table method, the number of sample members is 118 and considered available sampling method. The data collection tool was a standard questionnaire taken from the research of Kim and Jun (2022) with 26 items. 7 items, economic performance 5 items, innovation factors 10 items and government support 4 items have been used to measure the variable of social performance. Convergent and divergent validity and factor analysis were used to measure face validity according to experts and regarding construct validity. Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability were used to measure reliability. The hypotheses are as follows: 1) Technological innovation has a positive effect on social performance. 2) Technological innovation has a positive effect on economic performance. 3) Government support affects social performance. 4) Government support affects economic performance. 5) Government support moderates the relationship between technological innovation factors and social performance. 6) Government support moderates the relationship between technological innovation factors and economic performance. SPSS software was used for descriptive statistics analysis and SmartPLS3 software was used for inferential statistics. Findings Based on the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, it was concluded that the data are non-normal and the data analysis was done with SmartPLS3 software. All factor loadings of the variables are higher than 0.5 and have good validity. The extracted average variance numbers are more than 0.5, so the variables have good convergent validity. Based on the method of Fornell and Larker, the numbers on the main diagonal of the matrix (the second root of the average variance extracted) are more than all the correlation numbers between the variables. The result is that all the variables of this research have good divergent validity. Cronbach's alpha of the entire questionnaire was reported as 0.833, which indicates the suitability of the reliability and internal consistency of the entire questionnaire items. The average of all shared values is positive, so the quality of the structural model is evaluated as good. The percentage of predicted changes of social performance and economic performance variables by independent variables is relatively significant and estimated as 0.611 and 0.646. Hypotheses testing also showed that technology-related factors have a positive and significant effect on social and economic performance of knowledge-based companies in Mashhad and the path coefficients and t-statistics in these hypotheses were equal to (t: 3.532 and path coefficient: 0.385) and (t: 2.094 and path coefficient: 0.295) respectively. Government support moderates these effects (t: 3.249 and path coefficient: 0.186) and (t: 3.833 and path coefficient: 0.230). In addition, the impact of government support on the social and economic performance of knowledge-based companies has also been reported to be significant and positive. The t-statistics and path coefficients for hypotheses are respectively (t: 2.246 and path coefficient: 0.212) and (t: 2.284 and path coefficient: 0.261). Discussion and Conclusion Managers of knowledge-based companies should use technological innovations to achieve development goals in the region and use technological innovations to reinvest for social purposes and in this direction to improve the local environment and help improve the quality of life of residents. Knowledge-based companies should be known through technology-related factors not only in the local community but also abroad and should cooperate in solving local employment problems. It is suggested that managers of knowledge-based companies commit to investing in research and development costs, producing optimal and quality products, and innovation in executive processes. It is also suggested to establish permanent and appropriate communication between companies with research and academic centers and to build a culture regarding relying on internal power. Knowledge-based companies should be aware of customers' needs, have a new approach to technical issues, managers should encourage the creation of new ideas and receive funds from central and local governments to provide social services and improve environmental activities. It is suggested that managers of knowledge-based companies make full use of government and local institutions that can have formal partnerships for technology development and innovation. It is also suggested that they prioritize the difference in the probability of success in different sectors and request their desired government support from the government based on their abilities and needs. It is suggested that managers of knowledge-based companies in interaction with government organizations can have useful social activities for society and gain more credibility and reputation by disclosing related information. It is suggested that knowledge-based companies adopt policies that encourage companies to disclose social performance. Managers of knowledge-based companies should use the opportunity of government support in order to acquire new knowledge and innovate in activities and processes so that they can maintain a competitive position in the product market and have better financial and economic performance. In long-term approaches, improving business capacity through valuable and quality products and maintaining competitive power depends on the innovation of the company's activities and processes.
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