private sector

Events in the building industry in Nigeria in the last decade show the important role the private sector played in housing finance. With the advent of the public-private partnership concept in almost every sector of the socio-economic spheres of the nation, the role of the private sector in housing finance cannot be over-emphasized. This paper clearly states that the low-income public servants do not easily have access to housing finance. The responsibility of generating housing finance at a relatively low interest rate repayable over a maximum period of twenty five years rests on whoever seeks for a housing loan through the Federal Mortgage Bank or the Primary Mortgage Institutions. This paper seeks mediatory role of the private sector between this class of the society and the mortgage banks to source for funds to enable them to own their houses. The research method employed in this paper is the survey research in which questionnaires were administered on members of three housing estates, two housing estates in Lagos and one in Abuja. This paper exامینes the role of the private sector in the public-private partnership in housing delivery to low-income earners in Nigeria through housing finance. The findings showed that majority of the respondents had access to either mortgage or commercial banks to source for funding or the purchase of the houses.

Introduction: Commitment to the code of professional conduct is necessary for the audit profession. Failure to comply with it will reduce the trust of the society and the credibility of the audit profession. The purpose of the current research is to investigate the relationship between social conservatism and the slippage of the auditor's professional ethics. Material & Methods: The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of nature. The studied statistical population includes auditors working in audit institutions, members of the public accountants' society and audit organization. 320 people were selected as a sample using the random cluster sampling method from auditors working in audit institutions, members of the public accountants' society and the audit organization. The research tool is a questionnaire. SPSS software was used for data analysis. Results: The results show that only in the private sector, social conservatism has a significant and negative relationship with auditors' slippage in professional ethics. Also, in the private sector, gender, education, work experience and job rank variables have no significant relationship with slippage in professional ethics at the 95% confidence level. But in the public sector, among the mentioned variables, only gender and work experience have a significant relationship with slippage in professional ethics. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this research, traditional and conservative values can increase independence and audit quality as a tool to strengthen ethics in this profession. In this case, the policy makers of the audit profession can encourage auditors to comply with ethics as much as possible, through training and also monitoring the implementation of ethical codes.

Objective : The purpose of the present research was to investigate the impact of innovative organizational climate on the job performance of private sector employees, taking into account the mediating role of job motivation and self-efficacy. Methods : A descriptive-correlation approach was employed in the current investigation, utilizing structural equation modeling. The population of the study consisted of 384 employees from the private sector, aged between 21 and 49 years (with a mean age of 35.11±8.17 years), who willingly participated in the present study. The research was conducted in Tehran, Iran, in the year 2023. The participants were selected through a convenience sampling method, adhering to the guidelines outlined by Krejci and Morgan. Standard questionnaires were used for data collection. Pearson correlation test and structural equation modeling were used for data analysis. Results : Results revealed that innovative organizational climate significantly affected job performance (T=6.284). Moreover, innovative organizational climate significantly affected job motivation (T=11.594). Furthermore, innovative organizational climate significantly affected self-efficacy (T=9.509). In addition, job motivation had significantly mediated the relationship between innovative organizational climate and job performance (P<0.001). Finally, self-efficacy had significantly mediated the relationship between innovative organizational climate and job performance (P<0.001). Conclusion: Based on the findings of this research, it is recommended that market holders focus on promoting and enhancing the factors and components that contribute to the innovative organizational climate of private-sector employees. Additionally, greater emphasis should be placed on job motivation and self-efficacy of the private-sector employees.