اثربخشی شناخت درمانی مبتنی بر ذهن آگاهی (MBCT) بر تنظیم شناختی و بهبود کیفیت زندگی زنان مبتلابه اختلال کندن مو (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
مقدمه: پژوهش حاضر به منظور اثربخشی شناخت درمانی مبتنی بر ذهن آگاهی بر تنظیم شناختی و بهبود کیفیت زندگی زنان مبتلابه اختلال کندن مو انجام شد. روش: پژوهش نیمه آزمایشی حاضر، با طرح پیش آزمون- پس آزمون و پیگیری ۴ماهه با گروه کنترل، روی ۳۰ زن مبتلا به اختلال کندن مو مراجعه کننده به مراکز مشاوره درود (سه ماهه آخر ۱۴۰۲) که تشخیص موکنی بر اساس DSM-5 توسط دو روانشناس بالینی دریافت کرده بودند، انجام شد. ابزارهای پژوهش شامل پرسشنامه اختلال کندن مو محققان بیمارستان عمومی ماساچوست (1980)، کیفیت زندگی سازمان بهداشت جهانی (1990)، تنظیم شناختی هیجان گارنفسکی و همکاران (۲۰۰۱) بود. افراد به صورت هدفمند انتخاب و به صورت تصادفی با استفاده از نرم افزار اختصاص تصادفی به دو گروه آزمایش (۱۵ نفر) و کنترل (۱۵ نفر) تقسیم شدند. گروه آزمایش هشت جلسه شناخت درمانی مبتنی بر ذهن آگاهی طبق پروتکل سگال و همکاران (2013) دریافت کرد، درحالی که گروه کنترل مداخله ای دریافت نکرد. داده ها با استفاده از تحلیل کوواریانس با اندازه گیری مکرر در SPSS26 تحلیل شدند. یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد که شناخت درمانی مبتنی بر ذهن آگاهی بر تنظیم شناختی هیجان و کیفیت زندگی زنان مبتلابه اختلال کندن مو به طور معناداری مؤثر است (۱/۰>p). نتیجه گیری: شناخت درمانی مبتنی بر ذهن آگاهی می تواند به عنوان یک روش مؤثر برای بهبود تنظیم شناختی هیجان و کیفیت زندگی زنان مبتلابه اختلال کندن مو مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on Cognitive Regulation and Improving the Quality of Life of Women with Trichotillomania
Objective: The present study aims to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) in improving cognitive regulation and enhancing the quality of life among women diagnosed with trichotillomania. Trichotillomania, a type of obsessive-compulsive disorder characterized by the irresistible urge to pull out one's own hair, significantly affects the emotional, psychological, and social functioning of those affected. Given the chronic nature of the disorder and its negative impacts, this study explores the potential benefits of MBCT, a therapeutic approach that integrates mindfulness meditation with cognitive-behavioral strategies, to help individuals with trichotillomania better manage their thoughts, emotions, and overall well-being. Method: The research employed a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test/post-test structure and a 4-month follow-up, alongside a control group, to evaluate the impact of MBCT on women with trichotillomania. The study's sample included 30 women diagnosed with trichotillomania who sought counseling services at centers in Dorud County during the last quarter of 2023. These individuals were assessed by two clinical psychologists and diagnosed based on the criteria outlined in the DSM-5. The participants were then administered several psychological assessments, including the Massachusetts General Hospital Hairpulling Scale (1980) to measure the severity of hair-pulling behaviors, the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL) questionnaire (1990) to evaluate overall life satisfaction, and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) (Garnefski et al., 2001) to assess cognitive strategies for emotion regulation. The participants were purposefully selected and randomly assigned to either the experimental group (n=15) or the control group (n=15) using random assignment software. The experimental group received eight sessions of MBCT, based on the protocol developed by Segal et al. (2013), while the control group did not receive any specific intervention. The MBCT sessions focused on cultivating mindfulness, cognitive restructuring, and acceptance strategies to help participants manage their hair-pulling behavior, improve emotional regulation, and enhance their overall quality of life. Data were analyzed using Repeated Measures Analysis of Covariance (RM-ANCOVA) in SPSS version 26 to assess the significance of pre- and post-test differences in cognitive regulation and quality of life between the two groups. Results: The results of the study revealed that MBCT was significantly effective in improving cognitive regulation and enhancing the quality of life of women with trichotillomania. Statistical analysis demonstrated that the experimental group showed marked improvements in their ability to regulate emotions and manage distressing thoughts, as well as higher levels of overall life satisfaction when compared to the control group (p < 0.01). Participants in the experimental group exhibited a reduction in hair-pulling behaviors, better emotional regulation, and an improved sense of well-being. Moreover, the positive effects were maintained at the 4-month follow-up, suggesting that the benefits of MBCT were not only immediate but also sustained over time. Conclusion: This study underscores the potential of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy as an effective intervention for women with trichotillomania. The findings suggest that MBCT can significantly improve cognitive regulation, reduce hair-pulling behaviors, and enhance the overall quality of life for individuals affected by this disorder. Given its focus on mindfulness and cognitive restructuring, MBCT offers a promising therapeutic approach for managing the complex emotional and behavioral challenges associated with trichotillomania. These results have important implications for both clinical practice and future research, as they support the use of MBCT as a viable and beneficial treatment option for individuals struggling with trichotillomania.
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