Right to food

From a legal point of view today, although food as a human right is recognized by the international law and domestic law of many societies, like other welfare rights in practice and opinion are still in dispute. Especially with the change in the face of government in recent years and the abandonment of the views of welfare states and the tendency of governments to regulate and avoid direct intervention and undisputed influence of transnational corporations in all social spheres, as well as the pessimism of developing governments It is challenging, and thousands of similar cases have created parallel discourses alongside the right to food discourse. One of these discourses that has a historical flaw is the food paradigm as a leading commodity that sees food not as a right but as a valuable commodity. This market-oriented approach believes that the duty of governments is not a legal obligation to provide healthy and sufficient food, but governments are obliged to create the necessary conditions for the economic development of society, which will improve the food security of society.

Biotechnology as a modern-day phenomenon has had profound effects in various fields such as agriculture, health, and the environment. However, there are some concerns among scientists about the potential impacts of products resulting from the technology of living modified organisms (LMOs) on biodiversity and human health. This has led to the development of a set of rules and regulations known as biosafety to ensure the safety of these products under the Cartagena Protocol to the 1992 UN Convention on Biological Diversity. Biosafety can be considered as an approach to protect biodiversity and human health from potential threats while benefiting from the benefits of biotech products. From a human rights perspective, there seems to be a direct link between this field and biosafety, and there are many common concepts in both areas. The article seeks to examine the role of biosafety in human rights protection and examines how human rights can be protected to answer this question. In this analytical study, through studying the literature and primary sources, the role of biosafety in the protection of human rights has been analyzed and criticized from different aspects. The results show that biosafety can be considered a way to balance between different human rights and socio-economic considerations and the way of applying the precautionary principle have an important role in achieving this goal.

The outbreak of Covid-19 in 2019 raised significant concerns about the transmission of the virus, especially regarding zoonotic diseases. As the third common virus transmitted between humans and animals after SARS and MERS, the perception of Covid-19 as a foodborne illness intensified discussions surrounding food safety and security. This article aims to explore the commitment of states to ensure safe food supply chains. Food safety practices are essential for preventing disease, and the right to food is enshrined in various human rights documents. Although food supply has not been the subject of a specific legal framework, international organizations and conferences have recognized the necessity of regulating food production and distribution methods to ensure that populations have access to adequate and nutritious food, thereby promoting overall health and well-being.