شاخص های مشارکت شهروندان در نوسازی بافت های فرسوده شهر شاندیز با رویکرد پدافند غیر عامل (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
حضور و مشارکت مردم در مداخلات صورت گرفته در بافت های فرسوده نقش اصلی را در تحقق پذیری طرح ها ایفا نموده و وجود ناهنجاری ها و مشکلات اجتماعی، زیست محیطی و غیره، اهمیت اتخاذ رویکردهای مرتبط با پدافندغیرعامل را ضروری می نماید. هدف تحقیق حاضر، ارزیابی شاخص های مشارکت شهروندان در نوسازی بافت های فرسوده شهر شاندیز با رویکرد پدافند غیرعامل با استفاده از مدل MARCOS در نرم افزار Excel می باشد. نوع تحقیق، کاربردی و روش تحقیق، توصیفی-تحلیلی می باشد و همچنین از مطالعات اسنادی و پرسشنامه برای گردآوری اطلاعات استفاده شده است. نمونه آماری تحقیق تعداد 28 نفر از خبرگان حوزه مورد مطالعه می باشد. در گام اول؛ 6 مؤلفه کلی شامل؛ مشارکت، شفافیت، مسئولیت پذیری، عدالت، اثربخشی-کارایی و ایمنی-امنیت در قالب 40 شاخص شناسایی، در گام دوم؛ اوزان هر کدام از شاخص ها استخراج، در گام سوم؛ رتبه بندی شاخص ها انجام گردید که نتایج تحقیق نشان می دهد به ترتیب مؤلفه مشارکت با 144/0 امتیاز، ایمنی و امنیت با 071/0، مسئولیت پذیری با 054/0، شفافیت با 049/0، اثربخشی و کارایی با 041/0 و عدالت با 037/0 بیشترین اثرگذاری را در موضوع مشارکت دارند و شاخص های صادق بودن مسئولان و مدیران شهری در ارائه برنامه ها با امتیاز 876/0، آشنایی شهروندان از مفاد برنامه و تصمیمات مسئولان در ارتباط با بافت با 818/0، مشارکت شهروندان در اجرای طرح های مرتبط با بافت با امتیاز 811/0، آگاهی شهروندان نسبت به سیاست های تشویقی نوسازی بافت فرسوده شاندیز با 796/0 دارای بیشترین اثرگذاری هستند. در پایان نیز راهکارهایی برای افزایش مشارکت ارائه گردید.Evaluating the indicators of citizens' participation in the renovation of the worn-out Textures of Shandiz city with the passive defense approach
Introductionduring the last few decades - especially since 2000 ad - a new paradigm of urban planning has received increasing attention from international organizations, local governments (municipalities), local authorities (city councils) and citizens that this new paradigm is a matter of public participation. the term "bottom-up development" also refers to the collaborative role of people (individuals, groups and organizations) in the development process, including the development of dysfunctional tissues such as worn-out tissues. in fact, the worn-out urban fabric refers to parts of the legal area of cities that are vulnerable due to physical wear, inadequate access to riders, utilities, services and urban infrastructure and have low spatial, environmental and economic value.one of the major physical problems of cities is the existence of worn-out fabric which has caused many urban problems. that has caused economic-social, physical, environmental and safety - security issues and has provided an unstable environment in many cities.the physical structure of cities is affected by natural, social, economic and safety - security flow.Research Methodologythe purpose of this study is applied and the method is descriptive - analytical. first, by using library and documentary studies such as previous research and using experts " theories in this field, components and indicators of public participation in the rehabilitation of worn-out tissues with passive defense approach were extracted. the statistical sample is 28 experts in the field of study.in the first step, 5 components including; participation, transparency, Accountability, justice, effectiveness - efficiency and safety - security were identified in 40 indicators.in the second step, the weights of each of the indicators were extracted and in the third step, ranking of indicators was done. The steps of the Marcus method include: Step 1: Extended initial decision matrix, Step 2: Normalization, Step 3: Weighted Matrix, Step 4: Utility Degree, Step 5: Utility function and Step 6: Ranking.Results and discussionthe issue of participation with passive defense approach is related to people-oriented threats in which people are the direct target. In this type of battle, the focus is on the people and their areas of management. In fact, if people's participation in any area is lost, that area will eventually fail. in this research, decision matrix including components in row and indicators related to each component in column was formed. And according to questionnaires distributed among experts, numbers one to ten were inserted in the matrix that number one is less and number ten is the highest. also, the weights of each component were extracted using ANP method, the results show that participation component with 0/144 points, safety-security with 0/071, Accountability with 0/054, transparency with 0/049, effectiveness-efficacy with 0/041, and justice with 0/037, have the most weight in the participation issue. and indicators of officials and city managers being honest in presenting programs with 0/876 points, Citizens ' awareness of the programmer's provisions and officials ' decisions regarding the context with 0/818, Citizens ' participation in the implementation of tissue - related initiatives with 0/811, Citizens ' awareness of stimulus policies to rehabilitation Shandiz's worn-out with 0/796, have the greatest influence.Conclusionthe aim of this study is to evaluate the indicators of citizen participation in the rehabilitation of worn-out areas of the city by using passive approach. the following are some solutions to increase people's participation:• Grant of long - term, interest - free financial facilities to the residents of the fabric to participate in organizing and repairing worn-out fabric.• change in attitude of residents through cultural solutions and regeneration the mentality of neighborhood residents• creating the space of the city authorities in different ways such as social supervision and control of neighborhood affairs by institutions, making laws restraining against the problem of social insecurity, creating job opportunities in fabric, eliminating discrimination and observing social justice in different parts of the context in relation to the establishment of facilities, infrastructure and urban services, promoting health and sanitation promotion and so on.• formation and strengthening of local councils as donors to resident participation• direct comment from people in development plans and … and if applicable in fabric• Provide the public with a detailed and comprehensive performance report of municipal activities and actions• providing a context population evacuation plan in times of crisis such as earthquake and invasion• Locating to essential stores multipurpose shelters in fabric• Locating of Temporary accommodation centers in fabric• Use of popular monitoring circles to monitor modernization projects in the context• taking identity measures at the context to increase the sense of belonging to the place residence.• combating the reducing factors of social trust and providing the context for the development of social relations.
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