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In this article, it has been tried to analyze the mental satisfaction of the quality of life in different regions in terms of objective development. For this purpose, districts no. 3, 6, and 9 of Mashhad city which through the measures of education, income, and employment were respectively among the deprived, the average, and the privileged regions were selected as the case study areas. Moreover, to measure the mental satisfaction of the local people of the quality of life, a questionnaire considering three basic dimensions of quality of life, i.e. economic, environmental, and physical sustainability (residential environment, the quality of these infrastructures) was designed. The sample size equals 385 people who according to the population of study area were divided into clusters. The research findings showed that there is little or no significant difference between these districts in terms of the desired measures, so that in terms of economic issues, the district no. 9 had a better condition than the other two. There was no significant difference between the districts no. 3 and 9. Regarding satisfaction of the quality of housing and infrastructure, the inhabitants in the district no. 6 showed less satisfaction than others. In this regard, no significant difference was observed between the districts no. 3 and 6; however, regarding satisfaction of the environmental situation, there was a significant difference between the districts no. 3 and 9, whereas the district no. 6 was an exception. Generally, the district no. 9 in Mashhad has a better condition in terms of objective development, social status, and quality of mental life. In contrast, regarding these indices, the district no. 3 is among the poorest regions, so in terms of quality of mental life is in a average state. Yet, the district no. 6 due to its development and the middle social status has a less unfavorable condition in terms of the quality of life.

The currect study was conducted with the aim of designing and presenting a model of measurement for cultural development in the field of citizens&rsquo innovation and cultual products. The study wasconductedwith objectives in which, indicators and components presented in UNESCO 2000 and Abdi et al. (2015) model of measurement for cultural development were presented to 34 people in the form of a questionnaire in order to test and confirm them. The population for the study consist of all graduate and Ph.D. candiates (in their second or higher years of academic study) in Islamic Azad Univeristy, Science and Reseacrh Branch in Tehran and the Isfahan Branch. Participants were selected by the application of Cochran formula. In order to analyze the data, factor analysis was performed using Lisrel software. Finally, according to the data obtained and after the removal of several primary indicators, the finalmodel of measurement for cultural development was presented for the field of cultural innovation in the form of six main aspects: books, translations, newpapers and magaznines, artistics products, handicrafts and entertainment, and cultural services/activities/products.

In most countries, a major source of government revenue is funded through taxes. Tax share of total public revenues is different among countries and the rate depends on the level of development and economic structure. For this reason, the necessity to understanding of causes, aggravating factors, tax evasion, providing practical solutions and scientific recommendations will be inevitable. According to the current study by using a smooth transition regression (STR) and annual data from 1971-2015, we investigate the effects of direct financing through amendments of direct tax law on economic growth in Iran's conventional model of economic growth. The results of this study, along with the theoretical foundations and the prevailing belief of most economists, showed that the effect of different methods of financing through direct taxes on economic growth in Iran conditional on the state of the economy, in particular in accordance with the results of investment. It means that in the first regime, when the investment share of GDP is became less than 34/05 percent, financed by oil revenues has negative effects and financing through tax revenues had a positive effect on economic growth. But in the second regime, when the investment share of GDP is more than 28/01 percent, the financing of both oil and tax revenues had a positive effect on economic growth. Although in the second regime and by increasing the investment to keep pace with positive impact on the severity funded through tax revenues increased.

Purpose- Environmental issues such as the ecological footprint, are the product of intellectual, cultural, and economic factors. Therefore, it is necessary to know the variables effective on the amount of the footprint. The main objective of the present study is to investigate the factors affecting the ecological footprints of the rural settlements in Eslamabad-e Gharb County with a holistic and spatial approach. Design/methodology/approach- The present study is an applied one regarding the objective and descriptive-correlational regarding the methodology. In terms of the data collection method, it is a field survey. The statistical population includes 25% of the villages in Eslamabad-e Gharb County (40 villages). The sample size was determined as 500 households based on the latent and observable variables. The Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the data. Also, the Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) was used to investigate the effects of the locative-spatial factors on the research variables.Findings: The results of the Bootstrap test based on the T values indicated that the variables “ownership”, “environmental awareness”, and “consumerism” had the highest t-value and thus, were most correlated. The variable “ownership” in the economic structure is more correlated with the ecological footprint of the researched villages than other independent variables with a statistic of 26.053. overall, the analysis of the direct and inverse correlations in the SEM indicated that the variables “ownership” and “employment” were the most effective factors on the ecological footprint with coefficients of 0.874 and 0.575, while the “conspicuous consumption” was the least effective variable. Also, the results of spatial regression showed that the villages in the northwest of the county were more effective while moving towards the southeast and getting distant from the center reduces the effectiveness of the research variables on the ecological footprint.Research limitations/implications- The high rate of employment in the agricultural sector, the weakness in environmental issues training, and the high rate of livestock and agricultural ownership among a limited number of people have created obstacles on the road to the ecological sustainability of the region.Practical Solutions: Directing the residents of the researched villages towards non-agricultural employment by providing appropriate facilities and support, promoting an environment-friendly lifestyle, and training the residents to increase their environmental awareness by holding workshops in this field.Originality / Value: The present study is the first to use the SEM and spatial approach to investigate the factors effective on the ecological footprints of rural settlements. The results obtained can aid the planners and decision-makers in the field of rural settlements to advance the goals of sustainable development.

The Internet along with many advantages has some disadvantages, and the lack of a complete understanding of cyberspace can cause damage in terms of mate selection method. This article attempts to address some of the disadvantages and threats that virtual spaces create in mate selection method and tries to introduce some strategies to prevent and reduce these emerging injuries. This study was conducted using a questionnaire survey and the reference method. The population of this research is all youth between 20 to 34 years old who live in Jahrom in 1395. The sampling methods used here is the cluster sampling method. The sample size has been calculated by the Cochran formula, and 320 people were selected. The questionnaire was 0.77 alpha general questionnaire and statistical analysis was performed by SPSS software in the form of analyzing the correlation coefficient and regression. In this research, after describing the stages of major indicators of family position as the most important unit of society, and after declaring the ideas about mate selection and cyberspace relationships, and mentioning them as opportunities and threats, emerging injuries following by cyberspace relationships and their influence on the mate selection methods are discussed. In this study, family attachment, traditional values and the level of religiosity are effective in young people attitudes to cyberspace mate selection, as well as effective variables have an impact on mate selection method with a coefficient of 0.611% were able to predict changes. In other words, effective independent variables have been able to define 0.611% of changes in mate selection methods, and the rest of the effects are due to some variables that are not included in this study.

The aim of this study is to investigate in-store antecedents and consequences experiences on Hyperstar Stores. There were investigated purchase intention, store environment and characteristics of employees as antecedents affecting in-store experiences; while diversion purchasing and customer satisfaction were considered as its consequences. There were designed two studies to test hypotheses. The first study was quantitative approach of an experimental study. Its population included students of Islamic Azad University in Tehran, Isfahan and Shiraz. The second study of quantitative approach in the current research is a descriptive-survey study. The variance analysis method was used to analyze the first study data. For this purpose, SPSS software was used in the first study. In the second study, PLS software and structural equation modeling method have been used. The results showed that experience-based purchase incentive affects affective and emotional experiences; and product-based purchase incentive affects cognitive experience. It was found that store lighting has more effects on emotional experience; and layout affects sensory and emotional experiences. It was also found that physical attractiveness and beaming employees influence all three types of in-store experiences, but staff helping affects emotional and cognitive experiences.