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آموزش کودکان استثنایی

حوزه‌های تخصصی
ادبیات اقتصاد تاریخ تربیت بدنی جغرافیا حقوق روانشناسی زبان شناسی علم اطلاعات و دانش‌شناسی علوم اجتماعی علوم اسلامی علوم انسانی علوم تربیتی علوم سیاسی فلسفه و منطق مدیریت مطالعات زنان هنر و معماری
آموزش کودکان استثنایی برنامه ریزی آموزشی برنامه ریزی درسی تکنولوژی آموزشی روشها و فنون تدریس طراحی فضاهای آموزشی فعالیتهای هنری و بازی ها مدیریت آموزشی
کودکان با مشکلات حرکتی کودکان تیزهوش کودکان عقب مانده ذهنی کودکان نابینا و ناشنوا کودکان ناسازگار ناتوانان یادگیری
ترتیب بر اساس: جدیدترینپربازدیدترین
فیلترهای جستجو: فیلتری انتخاب نشده است.
نمایش ۱٬۹۴۱ تا ۱٬۹۶۰ مورد از کل ۲٬۰۲۷ مورد.
۱۹۴۱.

The Role of Neurofeedback in Managing Behavioral Issues in Children with Exceptional Needs

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۱ No. ۲ (۲۰۲۳) : Serial Number ۲ 4-12

کلیدواژه‌ها: Neurofeedback behavioral issues children exceptional needs Attention emotional regulation Social Interactions Academic Performance well-being

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۸۴ تعداد دانلود : ۵۴
This study aims to explore the role of neurofeedback in managing behavioral issues in children with exceptional needs. This qualitative research employed a phenomenological approach to gain deep insights into participants' experiences. A purposive sampling strategy was used to select 20 participants, including 8 parents, 5 neurofeedback practitioners, 4 educators, and 3 pediatric psychologists/psychiatrists. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, which were audio-recorded and transcribed for analysis. Thematic analysis was conducted to identify and develop key themes from the data, ensuring credibility and reliability through member checking and peer debriefing. The study identified significant improvements in children's attention, emotional regulation, social interactions, academic performance, and overall well-being following neurofeedback therapy. Participants reported enhanced focus, reduced tantrums, better peer relationships, improved grades, and increased energy levels. Challenges included accessibility issues, therapy duration, individual differences in response, and technical difficulties. These findings align with previous studies demonstrating the efficacy of neurofeedback in managing behavioral issues in children with ADHD, ASD, and other developmental disorders. Neurofeedback shows promise as an effective intervention for managing behavioral issues in children with exceptional needs. However, challenges such as accessibility, therapy duration, and technical difficulties need to be addressed. Future research should focus on larger, more diverse samples, control groups, and long-term effects. Practical recommendations include increasing accessibility, tailoring treatment plans, and integrating neurofeedback with other therapeutic approaches for holistic child development.
۱۹۴۲.

Identifying Key Components of Identity Development in Adolescents with Sensory Impairments(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۳ No. ۲ (۲۰۲۵) : Serial Number ۱۰ 9-16

کلیدواژه‌ها: adolescents sensory impairments Identity development social inclusion Self-perception cultural belonging Coping Strategies

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۸۳ تعداد دانلود : ۴۹
This study aimed to explore the key components of identity development in adolescents with sensory impairments. This qualitative study employed a phenomenological approach to examine the lived experiences of adolescents with sensory impairments. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 31 participants recruited via online platforms. Theoretical saturation was reached, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of identity development in this population. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis, with NVivo software facilitating the identification of core themes and subthemes. The results highlighted four primary themes shaping identity development in adolescents with sensory impairments. Personal identity formation was influenced by self-perception, emotional regulation, autonomy, and future aspirations. Social identity was shaped by peer relationships, family dynamics, social stigma, and the presence of mentors. Cultural and community belonging emerged as a significant factor, with participants emphasizing the role of cultural engagement, media representation, and community participation in shaping their identity. Coping strategies, including the use of assistive technologies, psychological resilience, and adaptive social skills, were found to play a crucial role in navigating identity-related challenges. These findings align with existing literature emphasizing the intersection of self-perception, social interactions, and cultural narratives in identity formation. The study underscores the complexity of identity development in adolescents with sensory impairments, highlighting the interplay between personal, social, cultural, and adaptive factors. The findings suggest that fostering inclusive educational environments, providing mentorship opportunities, and improving media representation can positively impact identity formation in this population. Further research is needed to explore identity development across diverse cultural and socioeconomic backgrounds to develop targeted interventions.
۱۹۴۳.

Impact of Sleep Disorders on Daily Functioning in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۲ No. ۳ (۲۰۲۴) : Serial Number ۷ 21-28

کلیدواژه‌ها: Autism Spectrum Disorder Sleep disorders daily functioning caregivers Coping Strategies behavioral issues interventions

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۸۱ تعداد دانلود : ۳۹
This study aims to explore the impact of sleep disorders on daily functioning in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) through the perspectives of their caregivers. A qualitative research design was employed, involving semi-structured interviews with 23 caregivers of children aged 4-12 years diagnosed with ASD. Participants were recruited through local autism support groups, special education schools, and pediatric clinics. Interviews focused on the types, frequency, and severity of sleep disorders, their impact on the child's behavior, academic performance, social interactions, physical health, and family dynamics, as well as the strategies used to manage these issues. Thematic analysis was used to identify key themes and patterns from the data. The study identified several types of sleep disorders among children with ASD, including insomnia, sleep apnea, and night terrors, varying in frequency and severity. Sleep disturbances were found to significantly impact daily functioning, leading to behavioral issues, academic challenges, social difficulties, and physical health problems. Caregivers employed a range of coping strategies, such as medical interventions, behavioral routines, environmental modifications, dietary adjustments, and alternative therapies, with varying degrees of success. Barriers to effective management included cost, accessibility, and lack of knowledge. The need for individualized, adaptive approaches to treatment was emphasized. Sleep disorders in children with ASD have profound effects on their daily functioning and overall quality of life. Addressing these issues requires a comprehensive, individualized approach that considers the unique needs of each child. Collaboration with caregivers and regular adjustments to intervention strategies are essential for effective management. Further research should focus on larger, more diverse samples and incorporate objective sleep measures to provide a more comprehensive understanding of these challenges.
۱۹۴۴.

Exploring the Identity Development of Teenagers with Learning Disabilities(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۲ No. ۱ (۲۰۲۴) : Serial Number ۵ 13-20

کلیدواژه‌ها: learning disabilities Identity development teenagers Social Interactions Coping Strategies educational support emotional resilience

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۸۲ تعداد دانلود : ۴۴
The objective of this study is to explore the identity development of teenagers with learning disabilities (LD). This qualitative research employed a phenomenological approach, utilizing semi-structured interviews to gather in-depth data from participants. Nineteen teenagers (10 males and 9 females) aged 13-18 years, diagnosed with LD and enrolled in special education programs at three urban high schools, were purposively sampled. The interviews, lasting 45 to 60 minutes each, were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using a thematic approach to identify key themes and subthemes. Four main themes emerged from the data: personal experiences, social interactions and relationships, self-perception and identity, and coping strategies and support systems. Participants reported significant academic challenges, leading to emotional distress and lowered self-esteem. Social interactions varied, with positive relationships providing crucial support and negative interactions exacerbating feelings of isolation. Identity development involved navigating dual identities and coping with internal conflicts. Effective coping strategies, such as seeking help and using assistive technology, contrasted with less adaptive methods like avoidance. Supportive family and educational environments were essential for positive identity development and emotional resilience. The study highlights the complex interplay of factors influencing the identity development of teenagers with LD. Academic challenges, social interactions, and coping strategies significantly impact their self-perception and overall well-being. The findings underscore the need for inclusive educational practices, supportive teacher-student relationships, and comprehensive mental health resources to foster positive identity formation and improve outcomes for adolescents with LD.
۱۹۴۵.

Identifying the Digital Literacy Needs of Adolescents with Intellectual Disabilities: A Focus Group Study(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۳ No. ۳ (۲۰۲۵) : Serial Number ۱۱ 1-9

کلیدواژه‌ها: intellectual disability digital Literacy adolescents Focus Group Inclusive Education digital inclusion Qualitative Research

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۸۳ تعداد دانلود : ۴۴
This study aimed to explore the digital literacy needs, challenges, and support preferences of adolescents with intellectual disabilities to inform inclusive educational practices and policy interventions. A qualitative research design was employed using semi-structured focus group interviews with 20 adolescents aged 13–18 years diagnosed with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities in Taiwan. Participants were recruited through purposive sampling from both inclusive mainstream schools and special education centers. Data collection was conducted through four focus groups, each comprising five participants. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed thematically using NVivo 14 software. Thematic saturation guided the completion of data collection. Trustworthiness was enhanced through triangulated coding, member checking, and maintaining an audit trail. Analysis revealed four overarching themes: (1) access to digital tools and infrastructure, (2) digital skills and usage patterns, (3) social and emotional factors, and (4) support systems and educational strategies. Participants reported limited and unequal access to digital devices, inadequate school resources, and lack of individualized digital instruction. While many adolescents demonstrated basic digital engagement (e.g., opening apps, watching videos), they struggled with more complex tasks such as evaluating online content or engaging in digital communication. Emotional barriers included fear of making mistakes and social comparison with peers. Support from family members and peers emerged as critical, while participants emphasized a need for gamified, visual, and hands-on digital training tailored to their learning styles. Adolescents with intellectual disabilities experience significant barriers to digital inclusion, stemming from infrastructural, cognitive, emotional, and instructional gaps. Addressing these challenges requires context-sensitive, learner-centered interventions and greater collaboration among educators, families, and policymakers to ensure equitable access to digital literacy education.
۱۹۴۶.

Predicting Adaptive Behavior by Self-Advocacy and Resilience in Adults with ADHD(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۳ No. ۱ (۲۰۲۵) : Serial Number ۹ 36-42

کلیدواژه‌ها: ADHD Adaptive Behavior Self-advocacy Resilience adults with ADHD psychological predictors

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۸۰ تعداد دانلود : ۴۵
This study aimed to examine the predictive relationship between self-advocacy, resilience, and adaptive behavior in adults with ADHD. A correlational descriptive research design was used, with a sample of 400 adults with ADHD recruited through online platforms and mental health clinics. Participants completed standardized assessments, including the Adaptive Behavior Assessment System-Third Edition (ABAS-3) for adaptive behavior, the Self-Advocacy Measure for Youth and Adults (SAMYA), and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression in SPSS-27 to evaluate the relationships between self-advocacy, resilience, and adaptive behavior. Descriptive statistics indicated moderate levels of adaptive behavior (M = 85.32, SD = 9.87), self-advocacy (M = 60.41, SD = 11.56), and resilience (M = 69.87, SD = 14.92). Pearson correlation results revealed significant positive associations between adaptive behavior and both self-advocacy (r = 0.58, p < 0.01) and resilience (r = 0.62, p < 0.01). Multiple linear regression showed that self-advocacy and resilience collectively accounted for 44% of the variance in adaptive behavior (F(2, 397) = 45.82, p < 0.01, R² = 0.44). However, when examined separately, self-advocacy (B = -0.09, p = 0.024) had a significant negative predictive effect, while resilience (B = -0.022, p = 0.502) was not a significant predictor. The findings suggest that while both self-advocacy and resilience are correlated with adaptive behavior, their individual predictive effects differ, with self-advocacy playing a more prominent role. These results highlight the importance of fostering self-advocacy skills in adults with ADHD to enhance adaptive functioning. Further research is needed to explore moderating factors that may influence these relationships.
۱۹۴۷.

Differentiated Instruction Strategies for Students with Learning Disabilities

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۱ No. ۱ (۲۰۲۳) : Serial Number ۱ 13-21

کلیدواژه‌ها: Differentiated Instruction learning disabilities Inclusive Education student engagement academic achievement professional development instructional strategies Educational Challenges support mechanisms

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۷۸ تعداد دانلود : ۳۶
The objective of this study was to explore and identify effective differentiated instruction (DI) strategies for students with learning disabilities in mainstream educational settings. This qualitative research involved semi-structured interviews with 21 participants, including general education teachers, special education teachers, and educational administrators from an urban school district. Participants were selected through purposive sampling, ensuring a diverse representation of educators with extensive experience in teaching students with learning disabilities. Data collection continued until theoretical saturation was achieved. Thematic analysis was conducted to identify patterns and themes related to DI strategies, perceived effectiveness, implementation challenges, and support mechanisms. The study identified several key DI strategies, including differentiated content, process, product, and environment, along with the integration of technology. These strategies were reported to enhance student engagement, academic achievement, and social-emotional development. However, significant challenges such as time constraints, limited resources, and the need for professional development were highlighted. Support mechanisms, including professional development opportunities, collaborative practices, administrative backing, community resources, parental engagement, and technological support, were identified as crucial for successful DI implementation. Differentiated instruction is an effective approach to addressing the diverse needs of students with learning disabilities, promoting inclusivity and improving educational outcomes. Despite its benefits, the successful implementation of DI requires addressing substantial challenges through targeted support mechanisms. Future research should focus on expanding the sample size, exploring long-term impacts, and investigating the role of technology in DI. Practical recommendations include enhancing professional development, fostering collaboration, securing administrative support, engaging community resources, and increasing parental involvement.
۱۹۴۸.

The Effect of Play Therapy on Sensory Processing and Distress Tolerance in Adolescents with Mild Intellectual Disabilities(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۳ No. ۱ (۲۰۲۵) : Serial Number ۹ 27-35

کلیدواژه‌ها: Play therapy sensory processing Distress tolerance Intellectual disabilities adolescent intervention emotional regulation

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۷۷ تعداد دانلود : ۵۲
This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of play therapy in improving sensory processing and distress tolerance in adolescents with mild intellectual disabilities. A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 30 adolescents aged 12 to 17 years, randomly assigned to either an intervention group (n = 15) receiving eight 90-minute sessions of play therapy or a control group (n = 15) receiving no intervention. Sensory processing and distress tolerance were assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and five-month follow-up using standardized measures. Data analysis was performed using repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni post-hoc tests in SPSS-27 to evaluate within-group and between-group differences over time. The results indicated a significant main effect of time for both sensory processing (F(2, 84) = 92.32, p < 0.001) and distress tolerance (F(2, 84) = 111.60, p < 0.001), demonstrating substantial improvements across timepoints. The intervention group showed a notable increase in sensory processing scores from baseline (M = 48.72, SD = 5.91) to post-intervention (M = 64.15, SD = 6.38) and follow-up (M = 69.03, SD = 5.79), whereas the control group exhibited minimal change. Similarly, distress tolerance scores improved significantly in the intervention group (baseline: M = 42.85, SD = 6.27; post-intervention: M = 58.74, SD = 5.69; follow-up: M = 63.92, SD = 6.08), with no substantial improvement in the control group. The Bonferroni post-hoc test confirmed significant pairwise differences between baseline and subsequent assessments. Play therapy was found to be an effective intervention for enhancing sensory processing and distress tolerance in adolescents with mild intellectual disabilities, with improvements sustained at follow-up. These findings suggest that play-based interventions can be a valuable therapeutic approach for promoting sensory integration and emotional regulation in this population.
۱۹۴۹.

The Role of Parental Scaffolding in the Language Acquisition of Children with Developmental Delays: A Qualitative Study [WITHDRAWN]

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۱ No. ۲ (۲۰۲۳) : Serial Number ۲ 13-18

کلیدواژه‌ها: Parental scaffolding Language acquisition developmental delays responsive interactions modeling of language structured support strategies

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۷۷ تعداد دانلود : ۴۳
The article "The Role of Parental Scaffolding in the Language Acquisition of Children with Developmental Delays: A Qualitative Study" was published in error. We removed it when the error was brought to our attention. This study investigates the role of parental scaffolding in supporting language acquisition among children with developmental delays. Qualitative methods were employed to capture in-depth perspectives from 25 caregivers of children aged 3 to 6 years with developmental delays. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to gather data on parental scaffolding practices. Data analysis followed a thematic approach, where transcripts were coded and themes related to responsive interactions, language modeling, and support strategies were identified. The findings underscored the significant impact of parental scaffolding on language acquisition. Responsive interactions, including prompting and encouragement, emerged as crucial in stimulating communication and fostering confidence in children. Caregivers’ effective modeling of language, through descriptive speech and vocabulary expansion, was associated with enhanced linguistic competence. Moreover, structured support strategies such as visual aids and routine establishment facilitated comprehension and communication clarity, mitigating challenges associated with developmental delays. In conclusion, parental scaffolding plays a pivotal role in enhancing language development in children with developmental delays. By adapting support strategies to meet the child’s needs and abilities, caregivers can effectively promote language skills crucial for cognitive, social, and academic growth. These findings underscore the importance of integrating evidence-based scaffolding practices into therapeutic and educational interventions to optimize language outcomes for this vulnerable population.
۱۹۵۰.

Enhancing Social and Emotional Well-Being Through Drama Therapy: Evidence from Adolescents with Physical Disabilities

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۱ No. ۴ (۲۰۲۳) : Serial Number ۴ 39-47

کلیدواژه‌ها: Drama Therapy friendship quality Emotion regulation adolescents Physical Disabilities Psychosocial Intervention

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۷۷ تعداد دانلود : ۴۷
The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of drama therapy on friendship quality and emotion regulation in adolescents with physical disabilities. A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 40 adolescents aged 13-18 years, randomly assigned to either an intervention group receiving drama therapy (n=20) or a control group (n=20). The intervention comprised ten 60-minute sessions over three months. Measures used included the Friendship Quality Scale (FQS) and the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), assessed at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and three-month follow-up. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc tests, with analyses performed in SPSS version 27. Significant improvements were observed in the intervention group compared to the control group. For friendship quality, the intervention group’s scores increased from a mean (M) of 55.12 (SD = 5.47) at pre-intervention to 68.25 (SD = 6.23) post-intervention and slightly decreased to 66.84 (SD = 6.01) at follow-up. Emotion regulation scores in the intervention group increased from 36.45 (SD = 4.12) at pre-intervention to 45.78 (SD = 4.96) post-intervention and slightly decreased to 44.67 (SD = 4.81) at follow-up. ANOVA results showed significant main effects for group and time (p < .001), with significant interactions between time and group for both variables (p < .001). Bonferroni post-hoc tests confirmed significant pre- to post-intervention and pre- to follow-up improvements in the intervention group (p < .001). Drama therapy significantly enhances friendship quality and emotion regulation in adolescents with physical disabilities, with effects sustained at a three-month follow-up. These findings support the incorporation of drama therapy in therapeutic programs for this population to address their unique psychosocial challenges.
۱۹۵۱.

Teachers’ Narratives on Implementing AI-Based Learning Tools for Students with Severe Disabilities(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۲ No. ۲ (۲۰۲۴) : Serial Number ۶ 20-27

کلیدواژه‌ها: AI-based learning tools special education severe disabilities teacher experiences student engagement implementation challenges professional development

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۸۰ تعداد دانلود : ۴۴
This study aims to explore teachers' narratives on implementing AI-based learning tools for students with severe disabilities. The objective is to understand the challenges faced, the impacts on students, and the experiences of teachers using these technologies in special education settings. A qualitative research design was employed, using semi-structured interviews to gather data from 16 certified special education teachers with experience in using AI-based learning tools. Participants were selected through purposive sampling to ensure a diverse range of perspectives. Interviews were transcribed and subjected to thematic analysis to identify key themes and patterns in the data. Three main themes emerged from the analysis: implementation challenges, the impact on students, and teacher experiences. Teachers reported significant technical difficulties, inadequate training, and limited administrative support as major challenges. Despite these issues, AI tools had a positive impact on student engagement, motivation, learning outcomes, social interaction, and behavioral changes. Teachers experienced a range of emotions, from initial skepticism to eventual acceptance, and highlighted the importance of peer support and professional growth. The study underscores the transformative potential of AI in special education, while also identifying critical areas that need attention for successful implementation. The integration of AI-based learning tools in special education offers significant benefits for students with severe disabilities, including enhanced engagement, improved learning outcomes, and better social interactions. However, successful implementation requires addressing technical issues, providing comprehensive training, securing administrative support, and fostering a culture of feedback and reflection. Future research should focus on long-term impacts, comparative effectiveness of different AI tools, and the development of effective training programs. Educational institutions must prioritize these areas to maximize the positive impact of AI technologies in special education.
۱۹۵۲.

Predicting Self-Esteem through Self-Advocacy and Assistive Technology Use among Adults with Physical Disabilities(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۳ No. ۴ (۲۰۲۴) : Serial Number ۸ 29-36

کلیدواژه‌ها: Self-esteem self-advocacy skills Assistive technology Physical Disabilities Empowerment Psychological well-being

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۷۶ تعداد دانلود : ۵۱
This study aims to examine the relationship between self-advocacy skills, assistive technology use, and self-esteem among adults with physical disabilities. A cross-sectional design was employed, with data collected from 244 adults with physical disabilities. Participants completed validated self-report measures assessing self-esteem, self-advocacy skills, and assistive technology use. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to explore the relationships between the variables. A linear regression analysis was conducted to determine the extent to which self-advocacy skills and assistive technology use predict self-esteem. All analyses were performed using SPSS version 27. The results indicated significant positive correlations between self-esteem and both self-advocacy skills (r = .62, p < .01) and assistive technology use (r = .58, p < .01). Self-advocacy skills and assistive technology use were found to be significant predictors of self-esteem, accounting for 49% of the variance (R² = .49, F(2, 241) = 115.63, p < .001). The regression analysis revealed that self-advocacy skills (B = 0.34, β = .42, p < .001) and assistive technology use (B = 0.28, β = .36, p < .001) both positively influence self-esteem. The study concludes that self-advocacy skills and assistive technology use are crucial determinants of self-esteem in adults with physical disabilities. These findings highlight the importance of providing support and training in self-advocacy and access to appropriate assistive technology to enhance psychological well-being and autonomy in this population. Future research should explore these relationships longitudinally and across diverse disability groups.
۱۹۵۳.

Impact of Sandplay Therapy in Reducing Self-Handicapping Behaviors and Improving the Quality of Life in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۳ No. ۲ (۲۰۲۵) : Serial Number ۱۰ 35-43

کلیدواژه‌ها: Sandplay Therapy Autism Spectrum Disorder Self-handicapping quality of life randomized controlled trial psychological Intervention

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۷۵ تعداد دانلود : ۵۱
This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of Sandplay Therapy in reducing self-handicapping behaviors and improving the quality of life in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 30 children diagnosed with ASD, who were randomly assigned to either the experimental group (n = 15) receiving Sandplay Therapy or the control group (n = 15) receiving no intervention. The intervention consisted of eight 90-minute sessions conducted over eight weeks. Self-handicapping behaviors were measured using the Self-Handicapping Scale (SHS), and quality of life was assessed using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL), both of which demonstrated established validity and reliability. Assessments were conducted at pre-test, post-test, and five-month follow-up. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA, with post-hoc comparisons conducted using the Bonferroni test. The results indicated a significant reduction in self-handicapping behaviors in the experimental group from pre-test (M = 42.85, SD = 4.31) to post-test (M = 31.76, SD = 3.76) and further at follow-up (M = 29.45, SD = 3.45), while no significant changes were observed in the control group. Similarly, quality of life improved significantly in the experimental group, with scores increasing from pre-test (M = 52.12, SD = 5.12) to post-test (M = 63.45, SD = 4.78) and follow-up (M = 67.32, SD = 4.50), whereas the control group remained stable. ANOVA results confirmed significant main effects of time and group, as well as a significant interaction effect (p < 0.05). Bonferroni post-hoc comparisons indicated that improvements were sustained at follow-up. Sandplay Therapy is an effective intervention for reducing self-handicapping behaviors and enhancing the quality of life in children with ASD, with sustained benefits observed at follow-up. These findings highlight the potential of nonverbal, expressive therapies in supporting emotional regulation and adaptive functioning in children with ASD.
۱۹۵۴.

The Impact of Sandplay Therapy on Perceptual Reasoning and Neuropsychological Functioning in Children with Autism: A Randomized Controlled Trial

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۱ No. ۴ (۲۰۲۳) : Serial Number ۴ 30-38

کلیدواژه‌ها: Autism Spectrum Disorder Sandplay Therapy Perceptual Reasoning Neuropsychological Functioning Cognitive development Non-Verbal Therapy

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۷۶ تعداد دانلود : ۳۹
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Sandplay Therapy on enhancing perceptual reasoning and neuropsychological functioning in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). A randomized controlled trial design was used, involving 30 children aged 6-12 years diagnosed with ASD. Participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n=15) or the control group (n=15). The intervention group received eight 90-minute sessions of Sandplay Therapy over two months, while the control group received standard care. The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-V) and NEPSY-II were used to measure perceptual reasoning and neuropsychological functioning, respectively, at baseline, post-intervention, and five-month follow-up. Data were analyzed using mixed-design ANOVA with repeated measurements and Bonferroni post-hoc tests in SPSS-27. Descriptive statistics showed significant improvements in the intervention group for both perceptual reasoning (M=95.53, SD=7.48 at baseline to M=107.45, SD=8.21 post-intervention) and neuropsychological functioning (M=89.74, SD=6.95 at baseline to M=101.29, SD=7.56 post-intervention). Mixed-design ANOVA revealed significant main effects of time (F(2, 56)=30.15, p<.001, η²=0.52 for perceptual reasoning; F(2, 56)=32.75, p<.001, η²=0.54 for neuropsychological functioning) and group-by-time interactions (F(2, 56)=24.12, p<.001, η²=0.47 for perceptual reasoning; F(2, 56)=28.75, p<.001, η²=0.50 for neuropsychological functioning). Bonferroni post-hoc tests confirmed significant differences between baseline and post-intervention (p<.001) and baseline and follow-up (p<.001) for the intervention group. Sandplay Therapy significantly enhances perceptual reasoning and neuropsychological functioning in children with ASD. These improvements were sustained at follow-up, suggesting that Sandplay Therapy is an effective and sustainable intervention for this population.
۱۹۵۵.

The Future of Neurodiversity in the Workplace: Opportunities and Challenges(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۳ No. ۴ (۲۰۲۴) : Serial Number ۸ 1-3

کلیدواژه‌ها: Neurodiversity workplace Opportunities Challenges

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۷۷ تعداد دانلود : ۳۵
Neurodiversity, a concept that embraces variations in human brain function and cognitive processes, is increasingly recognized as a valuable aspect of workforce diversity. Embracing neurodiversity in the workplace can lead to numerous benefits, including enhanced creativity, innovation, and problem-solving capabilities. However, integrating neurodivergent individuals into the workplace also presents several challenges that need to be addressed through thoughtful policies and practices. This letter explores the opportunities and challenges associated with promoting neurodiversity in the workplace and highlights strategies to foster an inclusive environment for all employees. Promoting neurodiversity in the workplace presents both significant opportunities and challenges. By embracing the unique strengths of neurodivergent individuals, organizations can foster innovation, gain a competitive advantage, and create a more inclusive and dynamic work environment. However, achieving these benefits requires addressing the challenges of workplace accommodations, social barriers, and the balance between disclosure and privacy. Through inclusive hiring practices, continuous training, effective leadership, technological support, and strong community networks, organizations can successfully integrate neurodiversity and unlock its full potential.
۱۹۵۶.

Impact of Sensory Processing Sensitivity on Emotional Dysregulation in Gifted Students: The Mediating Role of Anxiety Sensitivity(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۳ No. ۳ (۲۰۲۵) : Serial Number ۱۱ 1-9

کلیدواژه‌ها: gifted students sensory processing sensitivity emotional dysregulation Anxiety Sensitivity Structural Equation Modeling

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۷۶ تعداد دانلود : ۵۳
This study aimed to investigate the impact of sensory processing sensitivity on emotional dysregulation in gifted students, examining the mediating role of anxiety sensitivity in this relationship. The research employed a descriptive correlational design, involving a sample of 390 gifted secondary school students from Isfahan city, selected based on Morgan and Krejcie’s sampling table. Participants completed three validated Likert-based instruments: the Highly Sensitive Person Scale (HSPS), the Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3 (ASI-3), and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS). Data analysis was conducted using SPSS-27 for descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis, and AMOS-21 for structural equation modeling (SEM) to assess direct, indirect, and total effects among the variables. Model fit was evaluated using standard indices including RMSEA, CFI, TLI, and GFI. Pearson correlation coefficients indicated significant positive relationships between sensory processing sensitivity, anxiety sensitivity, and emotional dysregulation (r = .56 to .67, p < .001). The SEM results showed that sensory processing sensitivity had a significant direct effect on emotional dysregulation (β = .42, p < .001), and on anxiety sensitivity (β = .56, p < .001). Anxiety sensitivity also directly predicted emotional dysregulation (β = .49, p < .001). Importantly, anxiety sensitivity partially mediated the relationship between sensory processing sensitivity and emotional dysregulation, with a significant indirect effect (β = .28, p < .001). The model demonstrated excellent fit indices (CFI = .96, RMSEA = .052, χ²/df = 2.07). The findings underscore the importance of recognizing and addressing anxiety sensitivity as a key psychological mechanism linking sensory traits and emotional dysregulation in gifted youth. Interventions that integrate emotional regulation and sensitivity awareness may enhance educational and psychological outcomes for this population.
۱۹۵۷.

Inclusive Sports Programs: Experiences and Benefits for Students with Disabilities

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۱ No. ۴ (۲۰۲۳) : Serial Number ۴ 12-20

کلیدواژه‌ها: Inclusive sports disabilities physical benefits Social integration Emotional well-being educational development

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۸۰ تعداد دانلود : ۳۵
This study aims to explore the experiences and benefits of inclusive sports programs for students with disabilities, focusing on their physical, social, emotional, and educational development. The objective is to understand how these programs impact participants and identify key themes that illustrate their benefits and challenges. A qualitative research design was employed, utilizing semi-structured interviews to gather data from a diverse group of participants. The sample included 29 individuals: 15 students with disabilities, 6 teachers and coaches, and 8 parents of students with disabilities. Interviews were conducted in person or via video conferencing, recorded, and transcribed for thematic analysis. The data were coded and analyzed to identify recurring themes and patterns, with theoretical saturation guiding the final sample size. The analysis revealed four main themes: physical benefits, social benefits, emotional and psychological benefits, and educational and developmental benefits. Participants reported significant improvements in physical fitness, skill development, and health. Social benefits included enhanced social integration, communication skills, and a sense of belonging. Emotional and psychological benefits encompassed increased emotional well-being, psychological resilience, and reduced anxiety. Educational benefits included better academic performance, life skills, and career skills development. These findings align with previous studies highlighting the multifaceted benefits of inclusive sports programs. Inclusive sports programs significantly enhance the physical, social, emotional, and educational well-being of students with disabilities. The study underscores the importance of designing inclusive programs that accommodate diverse needs, providing adequate training for educators and coaches, and fostering a supportive environment. Future research should aim to include larger and more diverse samples, incorporate quantitative measures, and explore the long-term impacts of these programs to further refine and maximize their benefits.
۱۹۵۸.

The Relationship Between Social Cognition and Loneliness in Gifted Underachievers: The Mediating Role of Rejection Sensitivity(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۳ No. ۳ (۲۰۲۵) : Serial Number ۱۱ 1-9

کلیدواژه‌ها: Gifted underachievers social cognition rejection sensitivity loneliness Structural Equation Modeling

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۷۳ تعداد دانلود : ۴۳
This study aimed to examine the relationship between social cognition and loneliness in gifted underachievers, with a specific focus on the mediating role of rejection sensitivity. A descriptive correlational design was employed with a sample of 399 gifted underachieving adolescents from Argentina, selected according to Morgan and Krejcie's (1970) sample size table. Standardized tools were used to assess social cognition, rejection sensitivity, and loneliness. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS-27 and AMOS-21. Pearson correlation was used to evaluate bivariate relationships between variables, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was applied to test the proposed mediational model. Fit indices, including χ², RMSEA, GFI, CFI, and TLI, were reported to evaluate model adequacy. Results indicated that social cognition was significantly and negatively correlated with both rejection sensitivity (r = –.43, p < .01) and loneliness (r = –.39, p < .01). Rejection sensitivity showed a significant positive correlation with loneliness (r = .58, p < .01). SEM analysis confirmed the mediating role of rejection sensitivity in the relationship between social cognition and loneliness. The indirect path from social cognition to loneliness via rejection sensitivity was significant (β = –.28, p < .001), and the total effect of social cognition on loneliness was substantial (β = –.49, p < .001). Model fit indices indicated a good fit (χ²/df = 2.22, CFI = 0.96, RMSEA = 0.054). These findings suggest that deficits in social cognition contribute to heightened feelings of loneliness in gifted underachievers, primarily through increased sensitivity to perceived rejection. Interventions aimed at reducing rejection sensitivity may mitigate the impact of social cognitive difficulties on emotional well-being in this vulnerable group.
۱۹۵۹.

اثربخشی برنامه همدلی بر اشتیاق تحصیلی و احساس تنهایی در دانش آموزان دختر قلدر(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: کودکان استثنایی سال ۲۵ بهار ۱۴۰۴ شماره ۱ (پیاپی ۹۵) ۱۴۲-۱۳۰

کلیدواژه‌ها: مهارت همدلی رفتار قلدری اشتیاق تحصیلی احساس تنهایی دانش آموزان

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۷۳ تعداد دانلود : ۸۹
هدف: یکی از پدیده های شایع در میان دانش آموزان سراسر جهان قلدری است. در واقع، قلدری پیش زمینه بروز خشونت مدرسه ای محسوب می شود و خشونت مدرسه ای مشکل اجتماعی عمده ای است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی اثربخشی برنامه همدلی بر اشتیاق تحصیلی و احساس تنهایی در دانش آموزان دختر قلدر بود. روش: روش پژوهش نیمه آزمایشی دارای پیش آزمون و پس آزمون با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل دانش آموزان دختر دوره متوسطه اول شهرستان اهر در سال تحصیلی 1401 بود. با استفاده از روش نمونه گیری تصادفی خوشه ای از بین پنج مدرسه براساس مقیاس قلدری تعداد 60 نفر از دانش آموزانی که نمره بالایی در مقیاس قلدری کسب نمودند شناسایی شده و از بین آنان 30 نفر افراد داوطلب برای شرکت در پژوهش انتخاب گردید و در دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل به صورت تصادفی گمارده شدند. مقیاس های این پژوهش شامل قلدری ایلی نویز، اشتیاق تحصیلی فردریکز، بلومنفیلد، پاریس و احساس تنهایی راسل و پیلوا و کورتونا بود. با استفاده از برنامه آموزشی مهارت همدلی گروه آزمایش طی هشت جلسه تحت آموزش قرار گرفت. یافته ها: نتایج پژوهش بیانگر این است که می توان از برنامه همدلی برای کاهش خشونت در دانش آموزان قلدر و کمک به دانش آموزان قربانی قلدری استفاده نمود. همچنین استفاده از این برنامه بهبود اشتیاق تحصیلی دانش آموزان را به دنبال دارد. نتیجه گیری: باتوجه به اثربخشی برنامه همدلی در بر اشتیاق تحصیلی و احساس تنهایی در دانش آموزان دختر قلدری آموزش این برنامه به این گروه از افراد و سایر رفتارهای پرخاشگرانه پیشنهاد می شود.
۱۹۶۰.

Investigating the Impact of Special Education Policies on the Psychological Well-Being of Exceptional Students(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۳ No. ۲ (۲۰۲۵) : Serial Number ۱۰ 1-8

کلیدواژه‌ها: Special education policies Psychological well-being exceptional students Inclusive Education Policy Implementation emotional support teacher training parental advocacy

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۷۱ تعداد دانلود : ۶۰
This study aimed to explore the impact of special education policies on the psychological well-being of exceptional students. This qualitative research employed a phenomenological approach, utilizing semi-structured interviews with 33 exceptional students recruited through online platforms. The study relied on theoretical saturation to determine the final sample size. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis with the support of NVivo software, following an inductive coding process to identify key themes related to emotional and psychological well-being, policy implementation, and future prospects of exceptional students. The results revealed three primary themes: emotional and psychological impacts, the effectiveness of special education policies, and long-term student outcomes. Participants reported experiences of stigmatization, social exclusion, and policy-related stress, which significantly affected their emotional well-being. While some students benefited from individualized education plans and supportive teacher interactions, others faced inconsistencies in policy implementation, leading to increased anxiety and uncertainty. The study also highlighted the crucial role of parental advocacy and teacher preparedness in ensuring the effectiveness of special education policies. Long-term concerns included access to higher education, career readiness, and independent living skills, with many participants expressing uncertainty about future accommodations and opportunities. The study underscores the critical influence of special education policies on the psychological well-being of exceptional students, emphasizing the need for stable, well-implemented policies, improved teacher training, and stronger parental engagement. Addressing inconsistencies in policy application and enhancing emotional support mechanisms within educational settings are essential steps toward fostering the well-being and long-term success of exceptional students.

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