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Learning can only maintain its functional originality when it leads to permanent changes, and such changes are only possible if accompanied by self-explanation. The current study was conducted to investigate the effect of self-explanation and the solved examples on students’ transfer, intrinsic motivation, and cognitive load in English courses. It was an experiment in the form of a 2×2 generalized random block design. The population consisted of all 8th-grade students in Semnan, Iran, from whom 120 students were selected applying random sampling – by considering a figure for each student, writing each figure on a piece of paper, putting all inside a pack, mixing them together, and drawing one piece out each time to get 120 candidates. Teaching English was done using the “Solved Examples” method. The instruments applied  to collect the data included the Intrinsic Motivation Questionnaire by Kuvaus and Dysvik (2009), the Cognitive Load Questionnaire by Paas and van Merrienboer (1993), and the researcher-made questionnaire of near and far transfer. The statistical analysis of the data was conducted using the Two-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The findings indicated that the format of presenting content (ordinary and erroneous solved examples) and self-explanation are correlated significantly with the near and far transfer, cognitive load, and intrinsic motivation (P<0.01). Based on the obtained results, it can be argued that self-explaining and presenting solved examples are useful strategies to enhance students’ transfer, intrinsic motivation, and cognitive load in learning English, and can be included in the curriculum of schools to empower students in solving intellectual problems.  

The importance of mathematics is common knowledge, and teachers have always been concerned with teaching this subject correctly and efficiently. For this reason, teaching mathematics should be given special attention, and even the base and frameworks should be provided for online teaching of this subject. This study aims to introduce mathsframe.co.uk as a platform for online teaching of mathematics. The present study tried to turn the challenges facing online mathematics teaching into opportunities for better instruction. The method of research was descriptive and a case study (in-depth). The facilities and games of the website were divided into categories of Most popular free mathematics games, Tablet friendly games, Word problems, Using a calculator, Money, Sorting and classifying, National curriculum, Addition and subtraction, Fractions, decimals and percentages, Measuring and time, Partitioning, place value and rounding, Latest mathematics games, Multiplication and division, Ordering, comparing and reading numbers, Geometry, Statistics and ITPs. There are games and options in these categories which are suitable to teach and exercise subjects like money, reading and working with different types of charts, numbers divisible to a certain number and prime numbers, decimals, measuring angles, numbers axis, exercising and learning different math operations, multiplication table, comparing numbers, showing the number of shapes and categories, counting numbers, place value chart, measuring volume, ratio, possibility, fraction, the method of transferring numbers in technical addition and subtraction, symmetry, measuring mass and temperature, coordinates, clock, working with a ruler, volume and perimeter. Many math instruction games and options complementary to teachers' teaching are free, and there is no need for signing up, entering information or paying a fee; but a basic knowledge of English is required for teaching or exercising elements of the categories.

This study aimed to identify effective factors to the development of blended learning from the perspective of faculty members of PNU. For this purpose, after the study of contemporary research findings, effective factors to the development of blended learning were divided in five groups of structural, planning, information systems, nature and workplace and support factors for each of these components were determined. In order to assess the effective factors to the development of blended learning from the perspective of faculty members, a researcher-made questionnaire was designed. The questionnaire was with 40 questions using a Likert scale. Its validity was confirmed through content validity and its reliability through Cornbrash's alpha (α=91%). After determining the sample size using Morgan table by simple random sampling, questionnaires were distributed to faculty members. The research findings were analyzed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. To analyze the data, SPSS and LISREL softwares were employed. Results indicate that among the identified factors, the most important and influential factors to the development of blended learning from the perspective of administrators was related to structural factors.

The purpose of this study is to compare the implicit and Explicit curriculum in the personality development of junior high school students from the perspective of students. The research was applied in terms of purpose and survey in terms of method. The statistical population includes all female first year high school students in Bukan who are studying in the academic year 1399-1400. According to information received from the Buchan County Education Department, the total number of students is 1,620. In this part, multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used. In the first stage, from all the girls' schools of the first secondary school of Buchan city, 1 school was selected from each district in the north, south, east, west and center of the city, respectively, then two classes were randomly selected from each school (for one The questionnaire class role questionnaire on Explicit personality development questionnaire and for the other class the implicit curriculum role questionnaire on personality development questionnaire) and a total of 10 classes that were selected for approximately 28 to 30 people for each class, for a total of 300 (150 people in each group). Multivariate analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. The results showed that the implicit curriculum is more effective in the development of students' personality than the Explicit curriculum. The results also showed that the components of the obvious curriculum such as purpose, content, method and evaluation are effective on students 'personality development, among which the content component has the most effect and the goal has the least effect on students' personality development and finally That the components of the implicit curriculum such as the interaction of individuals, the organizational structure of the school, the social atmosphere of the school, and the physical structure of the school also affect the development of students' personality. Among these, the component of interaction between individuals has the most effect and the organizational structure of the school has the least effect on the development of students' personality.

This study aimed to examine the interactive effect of multimedia and formative assessment on promoting Iranian intermediate EFL learners’ pragmatic fluency. To this aim, 80 male high school students in grade eleventh from Andimeshk, Khuzestan, Iran were selected. Then, the selected participants were divided into four equal groups of 20 and a pre-test of pragmatic fluency was administered to them. After that, the control group was taught via traditional method. The first experimental group was exposed to presenting the instructional materials b using multimedia with summative assessment, the second experimental group was exposed to multimedia using formative assessment and the third experimental group received the treatment through conventional approach with formative assessment. At the end of the treatment, the participants were given a teacher-made post-test of pragmatic fluency. The analysis of the results showed that the experimental groups outperformed the control group on the post-test. The results suggest that teachers should be aware of their suitable methods for teaching their learners and they should teach their students based on methods and strategies to enhance their learning and motivation.