درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

The aim of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of mental imagery on the English language comprehension of sixth grade students. The method is semi-experimental and its plan involves pretest, post-test, and follow-up. Using a multi-stage random sampling method, 32 students were selected from schools in the district (2) and assigned to either the experimental or evidence group - each group consisted of 16 students. All the students within both groups were given a pretest which consisted of 20 multiple choice questions (with 4 possible answers each). There was no significant difference between the mean scores gained by the students of both groups on the pretest. The experimental group received the mental imagery teaching program and how to form pictures in the mind-e.g, how to visualize-before reading, while reading, and after reading a short story, for example, by being requested to draw pictures of the characters, scenes, or setting in the story as they perceived them. The evidence group received no instruction. To measure the effectiveness of the treatment program for each experimental condition, a research-made reading comprehension test was applied. There were  significant differences between the experimental and evidence groups, when data analysis was performed by ANOVA, using repeated measures. The findings showed that the mental imagery teaching program can improve the English language comprehension and this study suggests that the English teacher may improve her teaching strategy by optimizing the use of a variation technique in school. The teacher should be creative while delivering materials in the class.

The basic aim of this research is from universal school-based management model to pattern Iran's progress - Islamic schools Board of trustees: qualitative analysis dimensions and specific indicators to evaluate performance. According to the study, functional and in terms of subject matter and the nature of the research component of the combination is mixed. In the first phase of this study, grounded theory as a qualitative approach was used and secondly from the descriptive - survey has been used as a quantitative approach. The statistical population of the study included 12 experts, policymakers and experts in the ministry of education, and in the small part, all teachers and principals of the board of trustees of five provinces (Tehran, Isfahan, Mazandaran, Khuzestan and Semnan) during the school year 2015-2016, they were employed. Due to the high number of these schools, ten managers and teachers were selected from each province based on the Krejsi-Morgan's table of 234 people (184 teachers and 50 managers) by random sampling method and selected a researcher-made questionnaire with 140 items (with Cronbach's alpha = 0.901), which was compiled based on the categories identified in the qualitative section were responding. To ensure validity, the questionnaire was examined by university professors and several key experts in education. The qualitative data research through systematic project-based coding process grounded theory of Strauss and Corbin were analyzed. In the quantitative analysis of data gathered from structural equation modeling confirmatory factor analysis was performed using SPSS and Lisrel. The results of the qualitative research findings showed that 12 indicators were identified as the main components and 38 sub categories that were identified in the assessment of the performance of the schools of the board of trustees based on the comprehensive school-based management model. The findings of the quantitative research have also shown that the two components had the greatest impact on the board of trustee's schools. P Participation with path (0.69), organizational commitment with path (0.65), flexibility with path (0.62).

این پژوهش با هدف بررسی نقش نگرش کارآفرینانه در عملکرد شغلی مدارس شهرستان دماوند انجام شد. روش تحقیق کاربردی و توصیفی بود. جامعه آماری این پژوهش را کلیه مدیران و معاونان مدارس (دولتی) شهرستان دماوند در سال تحصیلی 97-97 تشکیل می دهند که معادل 218 نفر می باشد. حجم نمونه آماری با استفاده از فرمول کوکران حدود 139 نفر به روش نمونه گیری تصادفی طبقه انتخاب شدند. برای جمع آوری داده ها از پرسشنامه ابزار استفاده شد. داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS تجزیه و تحلیل و تحلیل قرار گرفت. برای ارزیابی روایی پرسشنامه تحقیق از روایی سازه و برای تحلیل پایایی آن از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ استفاده شد. یافته ها نشان داد که بین نگرش کارآفرینانه و عملکرد شغلی مدیران مدارس رابطه معناداری وجود دارد و بین چهار بعد از نگرش و عملکرد شغلی رابطه معناداری وجود دارد. همچنین وضعیت فعلی نگرش کارآفرینانه و عملکردی مدیران شهرستان دماوند مطلوب است. نتایج به دست آمده از هدف اولیه پژوهش نشان داد که بین نگرش کارآفرینانه و عملکرد حرفه ای مدیران شهرستان دماوند رابطه مثبت و معناداری وجود دارد. این بدان معناست که هر چه نگرش کارآفرینانه مدیران مدارس بالاتر باشد، عملکرد حرفه ای آنها نیز بالاتر خواهد بود. همچنین تحلیل رگرسیون پژوهش نشان داد که از بین چهار بعد از نگرش کارآفرینانه، بعد از نفس قوی ترین بود. و بعد از موفقیت مداری ضعیف ترین پیش بینی کننده عملکرد شغلی در بین مدیران و معاونان مدارس (دولتی) شهرستان دماوند بود. در نهایت می توان گفت که با طراحی دوره های آموزشی مناسب در زمینه مسائل کارآفرینی و نگرش کارآفرینانه می توان عملکرد حرفه ای به ویژه موفقیت مدیران را ارتقا داد.