درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Purpose: Inclusive education plays an important role in improving the situation of students with special needs. The present study was conducted with the purpose of developing a local model of inclusive education for students with special needs in the exceptional education organization due to the lack of a local model in this field. Methodology: This study was applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of execution method. The research community was professors and experts in educational management and psychology of exceptional children in the field of inclusive education in Tehran in 2020-21, and 10 people were selected as a sample using the purposeful sampling method according to the principle of theoretical saturation. The tool of the present study was a semi-structured interview, which its validity was confirmed by the opinion of experts and its reliability was calculated by the coefficient of agreement between two coders at 0.85. TO analyze data, the method of coding and thematic analysis was used in MAXQDA version 20 software Findings: The findings indicated that the local model of inclusive education for students with special needs had 40 indicators, 16 components and 7 categories; so that the categories included the development of cultural capital, development of human resources, communication between family and school, preparation of educational infrastructure, response to educational needs, continuous monitoring and follow-up, and continuous interaction with education. Finally, the local model of inclusive education for students with special needs was designed and developed in the exceptional education organization. Conclusion: The results of this research can be used by specialists and planners of exceptional education. Through planning to improve the components and categories identified in the current research, they can provide the basis for improving inclusive education for students with special needs in exceptional education organizations.

Cyberbullying is a form of bullying meted out online using digital devices and platforms. This study investigated the types of cyberbullying undergraduate students in Kenyan universities experience. Specifically, it sought to determine the students’ presence on Facebook, establish how the students used Facebook, identify the types of cyberbullying they experienced, and recommend strategies of mitigating cyberbullying as a means of making Facebook safer for undergraduate students in Kenya. The study was conducted using mixed research methods. Data was collected from 4770 undergraduate students and 24 deans of students in 16 public and 8 private chartered universities in Kenya. Quantitative data was collected from the students’ using questionnaires while qualitative data was collected from students using focus group discussions and deans of students using key informant interviews. Quantitative data was analysed statistically using STATA while qualitative data was analysed thematically using ATLAS.ti. The findings of the study confirm the popularity of Facebook among undergraduate students in Kenya. Students use the platform mainly for dating, business, academics and politics. The main types of cyberbullying experienced by the students on Facebook include shaming, impersonation, blackmail, exposure and cyberstalking. In dealing with cyberbullying, university authorities should create awareness about the vice among their students; the affected students should be counselled to overcome the effects of cyberbullying; and students should be advised to be vigilant in cyberspace. The findings of this study may be applied by universities to develop a students’ support service model that makes it easy to detect and mitigate cyberbullying.