Journal of Modern Psychology

  Objective: The present study aimed to propose Life-Based Therapy as a novel approach within the fields of positive psychology and psychotherapy. Life-Based Therapy, also known as Life Therapy, is a therapeutic method that addresses core issues related to one's Life. It emphasizes a deeper understanding of existence, passion for life, hope for the future, and overall longevity. The goal is to enhance well-being, effectiveness, and personal value by focusing on key life elements such as motivation, interest, desire, tension, fulfillment, attachment, love, passion, and well-being. Methods: This study employed a descriptive and exploratory research design. The statistical population consisted of theories, techniques, studies, and research conducted in the fields of psychotherapy and counseling. Life-Based Therapy was formulated and refined based on the author's extensive professional, academic, and consultative experience, incorporating relevant theories and existing research within the domain. Findings: Life Therapy provides a framework for understanding the complexities and challenges of life. It encourages individuals to view each moment as an opportunity for existence, growth, and self-realization. By forming a comprehensive picture of a client's life and its multiple domains, the therapist can help the client avoid inefficiencies and wasted time. The therapy supports individuals in defining various areas of life and actively working toward meaningful goals in each of those areas. Conclusion: Life-Based Therapy offers an innovative and structured approach to psychotherapy, focused on enhancing awareness and consciousness of life. It empowers individuals to adapt to life's challenges in a constructive and efficient manner. This method promotes purposeful living and aligns therapeutic intervention with the broader aim of achieving balance, passion, and fulfillment in all aspects of life.

  Objective: Feeding and eating disorders, a relatively common psychiatric disorder primarily observed in late adolescence and young adulthood, are characterized by abnormal eating patterns and cognitive distortions related to food and weight. Feeding and eating disorders are one of the most critical issues that individuals, especially youth and adolescents, grapple with today. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between body image satisfaction and feeding and eating problems in female students at Islamic Azad University, Lahijan Branch. Methods: This study employed a descriptive correlational design. The population of the study consisted of female students at Islamic Azad University, Lahijan Branch, during the academic year 2023-2024, from whom 348 were selected using convenience sampling. Research data were collected using the Eating Attitude Test (EAT-26) and the Satisfaction with Body-Image (SWBI) Questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and SPSS version 27 software at a significance level of 0.05. Results: The results showed a negative relationship between body image satisfaction and feeding and eating problems (r = -0.72, P < 0.01). Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be concluded that body image satisfaction leads to a reduction in feeding and eating problems.

Objective : The purpose of the present research was to investigate the impact of innovative organizational climate on the job performance of private sector employees, taking into account the mediating role of job motivation and self-efficacy. Methods : A descriptive-correlation approach was employed in the current investigation, utilizing structural equation modeling. The population of the study consisted of 384 employees from the private sector, aged between 21 and 49 years (with a mean age of 35.11±8.17 years), who willingly participated in the present study. The research was conducted in Tehran, Iran, in the year 2023. The participants were selected through a convenience sampling method, adhering to the guidelines outlined by Krejci and Morgan. Standard questionnaires were used for data collection. Pearson correlation test and structural equation modeling were used for data analysis. Results : Results revealed that innovative organizational climate significantly affected job performance (T=6.284). Moreover, innovative organizational climate significantly affected job motivation (T=11.594). Furthermore, innovative organizational climate significantly affected self-efficacy (T=9.509). In addition, job motivation had significantly mediated the relationship between innovative organizational climate and job performance (P<0.001). Finally, self-efficacy had significantly mediated the relationship between innovative organizational climate and job performance (P<0.001). Conclusion: Based on the findings of this research, it is recommended that market holders focus on promoting and enhancing the factors and components that contribute to the innovative organizational climate of private-sector employees. Additionally, greater emphasis should be placed on job motivation and self-efficacy of the private-sector employees. 

  Objective : Aging and the onset of old age are accompanied by inevitable changes in cognitive function. Therefore, considering the aging population and the importance of cognitive functions during this sensitive period, identifying factors affecting cognitive function to enhance their cognitive abilities deserves attention. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between optimism and mindfulness with cognitive function in the elderly. Methods : The present research employed a descriptive and correlational design. The statistical population of the study included all elderly adults residing in nursing homes in Guilan Province during the year 2020-2021. The study sample consisted of 160 elderly adults who were selected from nursing homes residents using purposive sampling. The research instruments included the Revised Life Orientation Test (LOT-R) for optimism, the Five-Factor Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) for mindfulness, and the Cognitive Performance Evaluation Questionnaire (CPEQ) for cognitive function. Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis (simultaneous method) at a significance level of 0.05. Results : The results showed a significant positive relationship between optimism and mindfulness with cognitive function, meaning that the more optimistic and mindful elderly adults were, the better their cognitive function. Furthermore, 34% of the variance in cognitive function was explained by optimism and mindfulness. Conclusion : Therefore, based on the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that optimism and mindfulness are important variables in predicting cognitive function (p < 0.05).

  Objective: Corruption in higher education institutions poses a significant threat to students' ethical standards and spiritual well-being. In Taraba State, Nigeria, concerns have been raised about increasing incidences of unethical behaviors among academic staff and students. The study aimed to examine the influence of corrupt practices on the moral and spiritual development of students in tertiary institutions in Taraba State. Methods: A descriptive survey research design was employed. The study population consisted of approximately 17,000 students. Using purposeful sampling, 200 students were selected based on their accessibility, willingness to participate, and relevance to the study’s focus. Data were collected using a structured instrument titled Corrupt Practices, Students’ Moral and Spiritual Development Questionnaire (CPSMDQ) , which demonstrated a reliability coefficient of 0.69 based on the Cronbach alpha method. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) were used to address the research questions, and the Chi-square test was applied to test the hypothesis at the 0.05 level of significance. Results: Findings indicated a high prevalence of corrupt practices such as examination malpractice and sexual harassment. These behaviors significantly compromised students’ moral and spiritual development, contributing to the erosion of traditional values, reduced appreciation for diligence and creativity, and increased involvement in prostitution and sexual exploitation. Conclusion: Corruption has a detrimental impact on the moral and spiritual growth of students in higher institutions. The study recommends that SERVICOM and institutional anti-corruption units be empowered and supported to investigate, monitor, and sanction corrupt practices within academic environments

Objective : This review examines how personality traits, particularly those outlined in the Five-Factor Model (FFM), impact relationship satisfaction across diverse cultural contexts. The study highlights the cultural dimensions of collectivism and individualism in shaping how traits such as conscientiousness, agreeableness, extraversion, and neuroticism affect relational outcomes. Methods : A comparative analysis of Persian and Western literature was carried out to evaluate how personality traits predict satisfaction in romantic, familial, and parent-child relationships. The review integrates meta-analytical findings, theoretical frameworks such as self-construal theory, and cross-cultural assessments using tools such as the NEO-FFI and EPQ, while addressing methodological challenges in cross-cultural measurement. Finding : Neuroticism was found to have a universally negative effect on relationship satisfaction across cultures. In a collectivist context such as Iran, conscientiousness and agreeableness emerged as the strongest predictors of relational harmony, while in individualist cultures, extraversion and personal autonomy played more significant roles. The study also revealed measurement biases and the underrepresentation of non-romantic relationships in prior research. Conclusion : Cultural values profoundly moderate the impact of personality on relationships. This review underscores the importance of culturally sensitive assessment tools and intervention strategies. It calls for future research involving direct cross-cultural comparisons, mixed-methods approaches, and broader relational contexts to build more inclusive psychological models and effective clinical practices.