مطالعۀ تطبیقیِ حضور بصری رخش در روایات شاهنامه (مطالعه موردی: نسخه چاپ سنگی 1267ق)
آرشیو
چکیده
بیان مسئله: بخش عمده ای از روایات حماسی و پهلوانی شاهنامه، با اسب قرین است. اغلب اسب های اساطیری، شخصیت مستقلی دارند، ازجمله مهم ترین آن ها، رخش، مرکب و یاور رستم است. علاوه بر جنبه ادبی، موضوع حائز اهمیت، توجه به نمایش بصری رخش در میان روایت های گوناگون است. هدف پژوهش: نسخه 1267 ق (محفوظ در کتابخانه آستان قدس رضوی به شماره ثبت ۴۳۴۳۱) برخوردار از تصویرسازی های میرزاعلیقلی خویی (دوره فعالیت 1272-1263 ق)، نمونه ای شاخصِ از تصویرسازی های روایت های شاهنامه در کتاب های چاپ سنگی دوره قاجار محسوب می شود. هدف از این پژوهش، تطبیق حضور بصری رخش با روایت های شاهنامه است. سؤال پژوهش: این پژوهش، بر پاسخ به پرسشی چندوجهی استوار است مبنی بر این که ویژگی های تصویرسازی رخش در شاهنامه 1267 ق چگونه و چه نسبتی بین اشعار با تصویرسازی رخش وجود دارد و نیز حالت های جسمی، روحی و روانی رخش به چه نحوی ترسیم شده است؟ روش پژوهش: پژوهش حاضر با تکیه بر ساختار مطالعات بینا رشته ای (ادبیات-تصویرسازی)، روش توصیفی-تحلیلی و با رویکرد کیفی تدوین یافته است. یافته های پژوهش: در روایت های بصریِ نه گانه شاهنامه 1267 ق که رخش در آن حضور دارد، از سوی میرزاعلی قلی خویی، دقت لازم در بازنمایی حالات و پیکر رخش به کار گرفته شده و در بازتابِ صحنه های موردبررسی تا حد گسترده ای مرتبط با متن اشعار، تصویرسازی صورت پذیرفته است، چنانکه با پرداخت به جزییات، سعی در بازنمایی دقیق حالات و رفتار ها و ویژگی های رخش گردیده، چنانکه حالات فیزیکی و روحی همچون خشم و حضور در صحنه های نبرد و لحظه جان دادن به خوبی به بیننده انتقال داده شده است، اما تصویرساز همچنان به اصول سنتی پایبند است. دراین بین، ازجمله موضوعات مشهود، توجه تصویرسازی به شاهنامه 1262 ق، بمبئی بوده که گویا در ترسیم جزییات رخش به آن توجه داشته است.A comparative study of the visual presence of Rakhsh in the narratives of Shahnameh (case study: 1267 AH lithographic version)
AbstractStatement of the problem: most of the epic and heroic narratives of the Shahnameh are related to the horse. Most of the mythological horses have an independent character, among the most important of them, Rakhsh is the horse of Rostam. In addition to the literary aspect, it is important to pay attention to the visual representation of Rakhesh among various narratives.Purpose: The 1267 AH version (preserved in the Astan Quds Razavi Library under registration number 43431) has illustrations by Mirza Ali-Qoli Xu’i (activity period 1263-1272 AH), it is considered an outstanding example of illustrations of Shahnameh narratives in lithographic books of the Qajar period. The purpose of this research is to compare Rakhesh's visual presence with Shahnameh narratives.Question: This research is based on the answer to a multifaceted question that what are the characteristics of Rakhsh's imagery in Shahnameh 1267 AH and what is the relationship between Rakhsh's poems and Rakhsh's imagery and how are Rakhsh's physical, mental and psychological states depicted?Method: The current research was compiled based on the structure of interdisciplinary studies (literature-visualization), descriptive-analytical method and with a qualitative approach.Findings: In the nine visual narratives of the Shahnameh of 1267 AH in which Rakhsh is present, by Mirza Ali-Qoli Xu’i, the necessary care is used in the representation of Rakhsh's moods and figure, and in the reflection of the investigated scenes, to a large extent related to the text of the poems, the depiction of the face It has been accepted, as by paying attention to the details, an attempt has been made to accurately represent the moods, behaviors and characteristics of Rakhsh, as the physical and mental states such as anger and presence in battle scenes and the moment of death have been well conveyed to the viewer. But the illustrator still adheres to the traditional principles. In the meantime, among the obvious subjects, the illustration's attention was paid to the Shahnameh of 1262 AH, Bombay, which seems to have paid attention to it in drawing the details of Rakhesh.Keywords: Lithography, Shahnameh, Rakhsh, Rostam, Mirza Ali-Qoli Xu’iAbstractStatement of the problem: most of the epic and heroic narratives of the Shahnameh are related to the horse. Most of the mythological horses have an independent character, among the most important of them, Rakhsh is the horse of Rostam. In addition to the literary aspect, it is important to pay attention to the visual representation of Rakhesh among various narratives.Purpose: The 1267 AH version (preserved in the Astan Quds Razavi Library under registration number 43431) has illustrations by Mirza Ali-Qoli Xu’i (activity period 1263-1272 AH), it is considered an outstanding example of illustrations of Shahnameh narratives in lithographic books of the Qajar period. The purpose of this research is to compare Rakhesh's visual presence with Shahnameh narratives.Question: This research is based on the answer to a multifaceted question that what are the characteristics of Rakhsh's imagery in Shahnameh 1267 AH and what is the relationship between Rakhsh's poems and Rakhsh's imagery and how are Rakhsh's physical, mental and psychological states depicted?Method: The current research was compiled based on the structure of interdisciplinary studies (literature-visualization), descriptive-analytical method and with a qualitative approach.Findings: In the nine visual narratives of the Shahnameh of 1267 AH in which Rakhsh is present, by Mirza Ali-Qoli Xu’i, the necessary care is used in the representation of Rakhsh's moods and figure, and in the reflection of the investigated scenes, to a large extent related to the text of the poems, the depiction of the face It has been accepted, as by paying attention to the details, an attempt has been made to accurately represent the moods, behaviors and characteristics of Rakhsh, as the physical and mental states such as anger and presence in battle scenes and the moment of death have been well conveyed to the viewer. But the illustrator still adheres to the traditional principles. In the meantime, among the obvious subjects, the illustration's attention was paid to the Shahnameh of 1262 AH, Bombay, which seems to have paid attention to it in drawing the details of Rakhesh.Keywords: Lithography, Shahnameh, Rakhsh, Rostam, Mirza Ali-Qoli Xu’iStatement of the problem: most of the epic and heroic narratives of the Shahnameh are related to the horse.
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