درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Objective: The purpose of this study is to create a conceptual empirical model and develop a causal model that is able to explain overall performance of MS patients’ families and provide a scientific and empirical basis to Iranian culture to identify the psychological indexes of hardiness, hope, and resiliency, as well as the mediator role of moral foundations and spiritual experiences involved in family overall performances among patients’ spouses. For this purpose, using non-random sampling method, 220 subjects were selected out of all patients with MS and their spouses in two cities of Tehran and Karaj in 2014-2015. They completed the questionnaires of Family Assessment Device, Hardiness Scale (Kobasa, 1990), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Snyder Hope Scale, Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale, and Moral Foundations Questionnaire (Hythe & Graham, 2007) personally and non- personally. In order to analyze the data, common methods of descriptive statistics, structural equations, path analysis, and multiple regression were used and the data were analyzed using the software packages of SPSS and LISREL. The results showed that hope was determined as the variable that predicts family overall performance with a good effect coefficient. The other important finding about the model was that the path from the mediator variable of spiritual experiences towards family overall performance was not direct, that is spiritual experience was effective on moral foundations and moral foundations in turn was the most effective path to family overall performance.

In this survey, the intervention of cognitive behavioral stress management (CBSM) on psychological and immune indices and pain in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis is studied.  <span class="s26"><span class="bumpedFont15">Method <span class="s17"><span class="bumpedFont15">: Statistical population of the study consisted of patients who referred to the rheumatology clinics in the northern parts of Tehran.  44 participants aged 25–60 using purposive sampling in accordance with inclusion and exclusion criteria selected and in two groups of 22 individuals were examined. Psychological, immune and pain evaluation tests of depression, anxiety and stress scale, blood sample, and McGill pain inventory were conducted in two stages of pretest and posttest using multiple covariance analysis.  <span class="s26"><span class="bumpedFont15">Results <span class="s17"><span class="bumpedFont15">: The results showed a significant effect of the stress management intervention on depression  <span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">(F <span class="s13"><span class="bumpedFont20">1 <span class="s13"><span class="bumpedFont20">,37 <span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">= <span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">4/318, P= 0/046, η <span class="s5"><span class="bumpedFont20">2  <span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">=0/104) <span class="s17"><span class="bumpedFont15"> among patients with RA. The use of this intervention was effective in reducing the immune parameter (CRP)  <span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">(F <span class="s13"><span class="bumpedFont20">1 <span class="s13"><span class="bumpedFont20">,38 <span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">= 17/593, P= 0/001, η <span class="s5"><span class="bumpedFont20">2  <span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">=0/316) <span class="s17"><span class="bumpedFont15"> and their pain  <span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">(F <span class="s13"><span class="bumpedFont20">1,39 <span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">= 4/885, P= 0/033, η <span class="s5"><span class="bumpedFont20">2  <span class="s4"><span class="bumpedFont20">=0/111) <span class="s17"><span class="bumpedFont15">.  <span class="s26"><span class="bumpedFont15">Conclusion <span class="s17"><span class="bumpedFont15">: According to the results, employing this method for RA patients is very helpful and it can be suggested for improving their psychological and physical conditions.