درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy and emotion-focused therapy on attachment patterns, communication patterns, and lifestyle of incompatible couples who referred to counseling centers. Methods: This study is applied research in nature and quasi-experimental in execution, utilizing a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population included all couples with incompatible spouses who referred to counseling centers (Behesht Counseling Center) in Isfahan in 2022. From this population, 45 individuals were selected using convenience and purposive sampling and divided into three groups: two experimental groups (each with 15 participants) and one control group (15 participants). The first experimental group underwent Goodwin's positive psychotherapy (2018) in ten sessions, and the second experimental group underwent Johnson's emotion-focused therapy (2006) in eight sessions. The questionnaires used in this study were Hazan and Shaver's Attachment Questionnaire (1987), Christensen and Sullaway's Communication Patterns Questionnaire (1984), and Miller-Smith's Lifestyle Questionnaire (2003). Findings: Using covariance analysis, the results indicated that, after controlling for pre-test levels, there were significant differences between the experimental and control groups of incompatible couples in terms of attachment patterns (secure, avoidant-insecure, and ambivalent-insecure), communication patterns (constructive mutual), communication pattern (demand/withdraw), communication pattern (avoidant), and lifestyle. The effect size was 0.48 for emotion-focused therapy. Similarly, significant differences were observed for positive psychotherapy with an effect size of 0.41. There was a significant difference in the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy and emotion-focused therapy on attachment patterns (secure, avoidant-insecure, and ambivalent-insecure). Conclusion: Overall, the results indicate that emotion-focused therapy has a greater impact on attachment patterns (secure, avoidant-insecure, and ambivalent-insecure) compared to positive psychotherapy. Significant differences were also observed in the impact on communication patterns (constructive mutual, demand/withdraw, and avoidant) and lifestyle, with emotion-focused therapy showing a greater effect.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of paradoxical couple therapy on self-differentiation, communication beliefs, and marital intimacy in couples experiencing marital conflict. Method: This study employed a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up, using a control group. The statistical population consisted of all couples with marital conflict in Tehran in 2023. Fourteen couples experiencing marital conflict were selected using a non-random, purposive sampling method, and then, through random assignment, 7 couples were assigned to the experimental group and 7 couples to the control group. The experimental group participated in 8 sessions of paradoxical couple therapy, and after dropouts, 6 participants successfully completed the therapy. The control group received no intervention. To match the number of participants, couples were randomly excluded from the control group to account for dropouts in the experimental group. The study utilized questionnaires measuring self-differentiation, communication beliefs, and marital intimacy. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and SPSS 22 software. Findings: The findings indicated that there was a significant difference between the post-test mean scores of the experimental and control groups. Paradoxical couple therapy significantly improved self-differentiation (F = 4.93, p = 0.035) and marital intimacy (F = 41.16, p = 0.001). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, interventions based on the paradoxical approach can effectively improve self-differentiation, communication beliefs, and marital intimacy.

The aim of the current research was to examine how stress coping strategies predict quality of life and life satisfaction among staff at Sistan and Baluchestan University. A total of 94 employees from the University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Iran were chosen using a simple sampling method. To gather data, the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS) by Endler & Parker (1990a), Huebner's Life Satisfaction Scale (1994), and the WHOQOL BREF Quality of Life Questionnaire were utilized. The data was analyzed using Pearson and multiple stepwise regression. The findings indicated a significant negative correlation between the avoidant approach to stress management and quality of life (r=.243, p<.01), whereas the problem-focused and emotion-focused strategies did not show a significant link with quality of life and satisfaction with life. The avoidant coping style accounted for 5.9% of the variance in quality of life. The other coping styles were excluded from the regression and did not make it into the regression equation. Avoidant style (Beta=.525, p=.0001) exhibited a negative and significant relationship with quality of life. It is determined that avoidant-oriented coping was a negative unique predictor of the employees' quality of life.

Objective: Type 2 diabetes is a chronic and complex disease that requires constant medical and psychological care. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of acceptance, commitment, and mindfulness therapy in improving blood sugar control and weight control in people with type 2 diabetes. Method: The research method was quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and a two-month follow-up with a control group. The statistical population of this study included all men with type 2 diabetes and overweight in Tehran in 2021. The research samples were 60 patients who were selected through the purposeful sampling method and randomly assigned into three equal groups including experimental group A (under acceptance and commitment therapy), experimental group B (under mindfulness therapy), and control group (without intervention). The data collection tool in this study was the HBA1C test to control blood sugar and BMI to control weight. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance. Results: The results showed a significant difference between the mean scores of blood sugar control and weight control in the acceptance and commitment therapy group and the control group (p < 0.001). Also, there was a significant difference between the blood sugar control and weight control scores of the mindfulness therapy group and the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: It is concluded that both interventions, especially acceptance and commitment therapy to reduce the psychological and physical problems of patients with type 2 diabetes.