درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

The present study aimed to determine the impact of the school ethical climate on academic engagement, emphasizing the mediating role of achievement emotions in students. This research was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of method. The statistical population included all female 11th and 12th-grade students in Zahedan during the 1404-1403 academic year, totaling 29,588 students. Based on the Krejcie-Morgan table, a sample size of 379 students (198 from 11th grade and 181 from 12th grade) was selected. The research tools included the Victor and Cullen Ethical Climate Questionnaire (1988), the Achievement Emotions Questionnaire by Pekrun et al. (2005), and the Academic Engagement Questionnaire by Reeve and Tseng (2011). The validity of the questionnaires was established through content validity, and their reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficients: 0.88 for the ethical climate questionnaire, 0.86 for the achievement emotions questionnaire, and 0.80 for the academic engagement questionnaire. Data analysis involved Pearson correlation coefficient and path analysis tests. The findings indicated that the school ethical climate had a direct positive effect on academic engagement and positive achievement emotions and a direct negative effect on negative achievement emotions. Additionally, positive achievement emotions had a direct positive effect on students' academic engagement, while negative achievement emotions had a direct negative effect. The results also highlighted that achievement emotions play a mediating and indirect role in the influence of the school ethical climate on students' academic engagement.

mathematical resilience and academic achievement in mathematics among students in the humanities. The study employed a descriptive correlational design. A total of 282 eleventh and twelfth-grade students in the humanities (138 girls and 144 boys) from Tehran were selected using convenience sampling. Participants completed the Asher and Pajares Mathematical Self-Efficacy Scale, the Kooken et al. Mathematical Resilience Scale, and their mathematics academic achievement was assessed based on the average of their previous final grades. Structural equation modeling was used for data analysis. The results revealed that mathematical resilience and mathematical self-efficacy have a direct impact on the academic achievement in mathematics among students in the humanities. Furthermore, data analysis results indicated a significant relationship between mathematical resilience and academic achievement in mathematics among students in the humanities, mediated by mathematical self-efficacy. Therefore, mathematical resilience and mathematical self-efficacy play crucial roles in the academic advancement of students in the humanities, and incorporating these components into mathematics education can be effective in enhancing the academic achievement in mathematics among students in the humanities.

Task-based language assessment (TBLA) is a framework for language testing that takes the task as the fundamental unit for assessment and testing. This study was designed to investigate the impact of TBLA on Iranian Male and Female EFL learners’ idiomatic knowledge. To fulfill the objective, 40 learners ranging from 18 to 25 in age and studying at Bayan English Institute in Rasht, Iran, were selected from among 100 participants based on their performance on quick placement test (QPT). The study employed a true-experimental design in which the participants were randomly assigned to two experimental groups and two control groups. First, a pretest of idioms was administered. Then, the experimental groups received a sixteen-session treatment that was the treatment of Task-Based Assessment. Meanwhile, the control groups received a sixteen-session placebo. A posttest of idioms was then administered to all the participants. The use of UNIANOVA revealed that the experimental groups outperformed the control groups in learning idioms. Based on the findings of the present study, all stakeholders, particularly material developers and teachers are proposed to include idioms in language teaching so that remarkable opportunities for improving idiomatic knowledge among learners would be provided.

This study examines the effectiveness of the cyclic group work method in enhancing reading comprehension among Iranian high school EFL learners, grounded in the principles of micro-teaching (Allen, 1967). By dividing texts into manageable sections, the method structures a 90-minute dynamic classroom session where students engage in collaborative learning, peer questioning, and critical discussion under teacher supervision. The research employs a qualitative-analytical framework to evaluate how this seven-stage approach—incorporating homogeneous and heterogeneous grouping, iterative questioning, and collective feedback—aligns with micro-teaching’s core tenets: initiating behaviors, material presentation, consolidation, monitoring, and evaluation. Findings reveal that the method fosters exceptional student participation, as learners subconsciously strive to contribute within and across groups, internalizing material through active dialogue. The teacher’s dual role as facilitator and supervisor ensures mental and physical engagement, enabling sustained practice in reading and reasoned text analysis. The study bridges gaps in EFL research by adapting cyclic group strategies to Iran’s teacher-centered, resource-constrained context, demonstrating improved comprehension outcomes.

Academic writing has emerged as a central area of inquiry among researchers specializing in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) writing. Utilizing a mixed-methods research design, the current study aimed to explore the mediatory role of digital literacy in the writing improvement of EAP learners in a ChatGPT-supported writing course. Following the administration of the Oxford Placement Test (OPT) and digital literacy questionnaire, a cohort of 100 upper-intermediate learners from a non-profit university in Mazandaran, Iran was randomly selected. The participants were then split into two experimental groups (high vs. low digital literacy) and two control groups (high vs. low digital literacy), with each group consisting of 25 participants. The experimental groups received writing instruction that incorporated ChatGPT, while the control groups were taught implementing traditional pedagogical methods devoid of ChatGPT. Data were gathered through pre- and post-writing assessments along with semi-structured interviews. Results from the pre- and post-tests indicated that the experimental groups with either high or low digital literacy exhibited significantly superior academic writing outcomes compared to the control groups. However, no notable disparity was evidenced between the two experimental groups. Analysis of the interviews revealed that ChatGPT contributed greatly to their writing accuracy and fluency, while creating several challenges namely the generation of inappropriate responses and limited access. On implication side, suggestions are offered for prospective EAP students, teachers, teacher educators, and syllabus designers along with a sketch of possible avenues for further exploration.